Review Article
Brain injury after adult cardiac surgery
J. Ahonen,
M. Salmenperä,
Corresponding Author
J. Ahonen
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Jouni Ahonen Department of Anaesthesia Women's Hospital PO Box 140 FIN-00029 HUS Finland e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorM. Salmenperä
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Ahonen,
M. Salmenperä,
Corresponding Author
J. Ahonen
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Jouni Ahonen Department of Anaesthesia Women's Hospital PO Box 140 FIN-00029 HUS Finland e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorM. Salmenperä
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Despite remarkable progress in surgical, cardiopulmonary bypass and anaesthetic techniques during the last three decades, brain damage remains an important complication of adult cardiac surgery. Effective brain protection strategies are already implemented today, but ongoing research is needed to meet the challenges faced in operating on increasingly old and disabled patients. The incidence of brain injury may be reduced by modifying the surgical procedure according to carotid duplex scanning and epiaortic echocardiography, by using techniques to reduce microembolization during cardiopulmonary bypass and by optimizing patient temperature during and after surgery. Increased knowledge will aid in choosing the best procedure or combination of procedures in each case to ensure that risks do not outweigh benefits.
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