Early (mucosal) gastric cancer with synchronous osteosclerotic bone metastases: a case report
G. ANAGNOSTOPOULOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
G.H. SAKORAFAS md
Department of Surgery, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
George H. Sakorafas, Arkadias 19–21, GR−115 26 Athens, Greece (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorP. KOSTOPOULOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorG. MARGANTINIS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorS. TSIAKOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorG. PAVLAKIS md
Department of Oncology 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorG. ANAGNOSTOPOULOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
G.H. SAKORAFAS md
Department of Surgery, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
George H. Sakorafas, Arkadias 19–21, GR−115 26 Athens, Greece (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorP. KOSTOPOULOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorG. MARGANTINIS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorS. TSIAKOS md
Department of Gastroenterology, 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens
Search for more papers by this authorG. PAVLAKIS md
Department of Oncology 251 Hellenic Air Force Hospital, Athens, Greece
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
ANAGNOSTOPOULOS G., SAKORAFAS G.H., KOSTOPOULOS P., MARGANTINIS G., TSIAKOS S. & PAVLAKIS G. (2010) European Journal of Cancer CareEarly (mucosal) gastric cancer with synchronous osteosclerotic bone metastases: a case report
Early gastric cancer (EGC) is defined as an adenocarcinoma confined to the gastric mucosa or submucosa, regardless of the presence of lymph node metastases. Early gastric cancer carries an excellent prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate at least 85% in most series. However, there are rare cases where distant metastases exist. Bone metastases are rare in gastric cancer; osteoblastic bone metastases are even rarer. We report a patient with EGC (mucosal) and synchronous osteosclerotic bone metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of submucosal EGC with synchronous bone metastases. The patient was operated and he received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. He died 18 months after gastric surgery from generalized disease.
REFERENCES
- Abe S., Ogawa Y., Nagase N., Sasaki Y., Akamizu H., Hirose S., Yukaya H. & Suehiro S. (1984) Early gastric cancer: results in a general hospital in Japan. World Journal of Surgery 8, 308–314.
- Baba H., Maeara Y., Okuyama T., Orita H., Anai H., Akazawa K. & Sugimachi K. (1994) Lymph node metastasis and macroscopic features in early gastric cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 41, 380–383.
- Banerjee A.K., Banerjee K. & Bhattacharya B. (1977) Osteosclerotic bone metastasis from stomach carcinoma. Journal of Indian Medical Association 68, 38–39.
- Chung Y.-S., Choi T.-Y., Ha C.Y., Kim H.M., Lee K.J., Park C.H. & Fitzpatrick L. (2002) An unusual case of osteoblastic metastasis from gastric carcinoma. Yonsei Medical Journal 43, 377–380.
- Earstens S.A. & Resnick D. (1980) Diffuse sclerotic skeletal metastases as an initial feature of gastric carcinoma. Archives of Internal Medicine 140, 1666–1668.
- Hiki Y., Shimao H., Mieno H., Sakakibara Y., Kobayashi N. & Saigenji K. (1995) Modified treatment of early gastric cancer: evaluation of endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancers with respect to treatment indication Groups. World Journal of Surgery 19, 517–522.
- Hyung W.J., Noh S.H., Lee J.H., Huh J.J., Lah K.H., Choi S.H. & Min J.S. (2002) Early gastric carcinoma with signet ring cell histology. Cancer 94, 78–83.
- Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer. (1981) The general rule for the gastric cancer study in surgery and pathology. The Japanese Journal of Surgery 11, 127–139.
- Kato Y., Inoshita N., Yanagishawa A., Ota K. & Nakajima T. (1997) Clinicopathological features of gastric carcinoma in stage IV (in Japanese). Gastroenterological Surgery 20, 1333–1336.
- Kubota O., Suzuki T., Takahashi T., Kosukegawa M., Yamashita K., Mori S., Mochizuki K., Futami H., Takai T. & Shamoto M. (2001) A case of AFP-producing early gastric cancer with rapid growth liver metastasis. Hepatogastroenterology 48, 1206–1208.
- Lawrence M. & Roselli A. (1991) Early gastric carcinoma. Twenty-eight years experience. Annals of Surgery 85, 171–176.
- Maekawa S., Takeo S., Ikejiri K., Anai H. & Saku M. (1995) Clinicopathological features of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. International Surgery 80, 200–203.
- Mohandas K.M., Swaroop V.S., Krisnamoorthy S., Desai D.C., Dhir V. & Pradham S.A. (1993) Unusual bone metastases as the initial symptom of gastric cancer: a report of four cases. Indian Journal of Cancer 30, 146–590.
- Nakata Y., Watanabe Y., Nakata T., Kimura K., Sato M. & Kawachi K. (1998) Early gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastasis and portal tumorous embolism: report of a case. Surgery Today 28, 752–757.
- Nomura T., Yoshikawa T., Kato H., Nikkuni K., Sasaki K., Shiray Y. & Hatakeyama K. (1997) Early gastric cancer manifested as brain metastasis: report of a case. Surgery Today 27, 334–336.
- Oleagoitia J.M., Echevarria A., Santidrian J.I., Ulacia M.A. & Hernadez-Colvo Y. (1986) Early gastric cancer. The British Journal of Surgery 73, 804–806.
- Oliveira F., Ferrao H., Furtado E., Batista H. & Conceicao L. (1998) Early gastric cancer: report of 58 cases. Gastric Cancer 1, 51–56.
- Percivale P., Bertoglio S., Muggianu M., Aste H., Secco J.B., Martines H., Moresco L. & Cafiero F. (1989) Long term postoperative results in 54 cases of early gastric cancer. The choice of surgical procedure. European Journal of Surgical Oncology 15, 436–440.
- Santoro E., Garofalo A., Scutari F., Zanarini T., Carlini M. & Santoro E. Jr (1991) Early gastric cancer: Total gastrectomy versus distal resection. Results of study of 271 cases. Hepatogastroenterology 38, 427–429.
- Shiomi M., Kamishako T., Yutani I., Kudo M., Shigeoka H., Tanaka A., Okuno K. & Yasutomi M. (2001) Two cases of histopathologically advanced (Stage IV) early gastric cancer. Tumori 87, 191–195.
- Tokuyama J., Kubota K., Egawa T., Wada N., Sugino Y., Mashima Y., Nakamura Y., Mukai M., Ishii H. & Kitajima M. (2002) Rare case of early mucosal gastric cancer presenting with metastasis to the bulbar conjunctiva. Gastric Cancer 5, 102–106.
- Tsurumachi T., Yamamoto H., Watanabe K., Honda I., Watanabe S., Yamada S., Jingu K., Satomi D. & Fujita M. (1997) Resection of liver metastasis from alpha-fetoprotein-producing early gastric cancer: report of a case. Surgery Today 27, 563–566.
- Uehida T., Shikata T., Shimizu S.-I., Takimoto Y., Lino S. & Suzuki H. (1981) Gonadotropin and alkaline phosphatase producing occult gastric carcinoma with wide spread metastasis of generalized bone. Cancer 48, 140–150.
- World Health Organization (2004) WHO Cancer Control Program. Available at: http://www.who.International/cancer/en.
- Yokohama Y., Sato S., Futagami M. & Saito Y. (2000) Solitary metastasis to the uterine cervix from early gastric cancer: a case report. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology 21, 469–471.