Anisakis simplex allergy: a murine model of anaphylaxis induced by parasitic proteins displays a mixed Th1/Th2 pattern
M. L. Baeza,
L. Conejero,
Y. Higaki,
E. Martín, C. Pérez, S. Infante, M. Rubio, J. M. Zubeldia,
Corresponding Author
M. L. Baeza
Allergy Service and
Maria Luisa Baeza, Servicio de Alergia, H.G.U. Gregorio Marañón, Dr Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorL. Conejero
Allergy Service and
Experimental Medicine Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorY. Higaki
Allergy Service and
Experimental Medicine Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorM. L. Baeza,
L. Conejero,
Y. Higaki,
E. Martín, C. Pérez, S. Infante, M. Rubio, J. M. Zubeldia,
Corresponding Author
M. L. Baeza
Allergy Service and
Maria Luisa Baeza, Servicio de Alergia, H.G.U. Gregorio Marañón, Dr Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorL. Conejero
Allergy Service and
Experimental Medicine Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorY. Higaki
Allergy Service and
Experimental Medicine Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
The study of the singular hypersensitivity reactions to Anisakis simplex (A.s) proteins, may help us to undestand many of the unknown immune interactions between helmiths infections and allergy. We have developed a murine model of allergy to A. simplex, that mimics human A. simplex allergy to study the specific aspects of anaphylaxis induced by parasites. Male C3H/HeJ mice were intraperitoneally sensitized to A. simplex. Mice were then intravenous or orally challenged with A. simplex. Antigen-specific immunoglobulins, polyclonal IgE, anaphylactic symptoms, plasma histamine levels and cytokine profiles were determined. Comparative IgE immunoblot analyses were also performed. Specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a were detected in sensitized mice since week 3. Polyclonal IgE raised and peaked with different kinetics. Intravenous A. simplex challenge produced anaphylaxis in mice, accompanied by plasma histamine release. Oral A. simplex challenge in similarly sensitized mice did not caused symptoms nor histamine release. Numerous A. simplex allergens were recognized by sensitized mouse sera, some of them similar to human serum. The A. simplex stimulated splenocytes released IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13 and IL-5. We describe a new animal model of anaphylaxis. It exhibits characteristics of type I hypersensitivity reactions to Anisakis simplex similar to those observed in allergic humans. Different responses to i.v. or oral A. simplex challenges emerged, which did not reflect a window tolerization period. The cytokine profile developed (mixed Th1/Th2 pattern) differed from the observed in classical models of anaphylaxis or allergy to food antigens. This model may permit to investigate the peculiar allergic reactions to parasitic proteins.
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