Induction of IL-32 in the immune response of keratinocytes to Mycobacterium marinum infection
Xu Sang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaotong Xue
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZihao Mi
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhenzhen Wang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXueping Yu
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorLele Sun
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorShanshan Ma
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Wang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hong Liu
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Correspondence
Furen Zhang and Hong Liu, Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Furen Zhang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Correspondence
Furen Zhang and Hong Liu, Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorXu Sang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaotong Xue
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZihao Mi
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhenzhen Wang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorXueping Yu
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorLele Sun
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorShanshan Ma
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorZhe Wang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hong Liu
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Correspondence
Furen Zhang and Hong Liu, Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Furen Zhang
Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
Correspondence
Furen Zhang and Hong Liu, Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases & Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Keratinocytes are the predominant cell type in the skin epidermis, and they not only protect the skin from the influence of external physical factors but also function as an immune barrier against microbial invasion. However, little is known regarding the immune defence mechanisms of keratinocytes against mycobacteria. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on skin biopsy samples from patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection and bulk RNA sequencing (bRNA-seq) on M. marinum-infected keratinocytes in vitro. The combined analysis of scRNA-seq and bRNA-seq data revealed that several genes were upregulated in M. marinum-infected keratinocytes. Further in vitro validation of these genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assay confirmed the induction of IL-32 in the immune response of keratinocytes to M. marinum infection. Immunohistochemistry also showed the high expression of IL-32 in patients' lesions. These findings suggest that IL-32 induction is a possible mechanism through which keratinocytes defend against M. marinum infection; this could provide new targets for the immunotherapy of chronic cutaneous mycobacterial infections.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. All subjects provided written informed consent, and this study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venerology.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| exd14848-sup-0001-TableS1.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 9.4 KB |
Table S1. Patients information |
| exd14848-sup-0002-TableS2.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 10.4 KB |
Table S2. Primer sequence used in qPCR experiment |
| exd14848-sup-0003-TableS3.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 403.8 KB |
Table S3. Differentially expressed genes in scRNA-seq data |
| exd14848-sup-0004-TableS4.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 16.4 KB |
Table S4. Differentially expressed genes in bRNA-seq data |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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