Metabolic evaluations of cancer metabolism by NMR-based stable isotope tracer methodologies
Ludgero C. Tavares
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorIvana Jarak
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorFernando N. Nogueira
Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPaulo J. Oliveira
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Rui A. Carvalho
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Correspondence to: Rui A. Carvalho, PhD, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal. Tel.: +351 304502926; fax: +351 239855211; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorLudgero C. Tavares
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorIvana Jarak
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorFernando N. Nogueira
Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPaulo J. Oliveira
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Rui A. Carvalho
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Correspondence to: Rui A. Carvalho, PhD, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal. Tel.: +351 304502926; fax: +351 239855211; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background
Cancer cells are widely recognized for being able to adapt their metabolism towards converting available nutrients into biomass to increase proliferation rates.
Materials and methods
We will review a series of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based stable isotope tracer methodologies for probing cancer metabolism.
Results
The monitoring of such adaptations is of the utmost importance to unravel cancer metabolism and tumour growth. Several major metabolic targets have been recognized as promising foci and have been addressed by multiple studies in recent years. In this work are presented strategies to quantify glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, Krebs cycle turnover and de novo lipogenesis by NMR isotopomer analysis.
Conclusions
Being able to adequately define the interplay between metabolic pathways allows the monitoring of their prevalence in tissues and such information is critical for an accurate knowledge of the metabolic distinctive nature of tumours towards devising more efficient antitumorigenic strategies. Discussed methodologies are currently available in the literature, but to date, no single review has compiled all their possible uses, particularly in an interdependent perspective.
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