Review
Advances in understanding the leukaemia microenvironment
Yoko Tabe,
Marina Konopleva,
Yoko Tabe
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Marina Konopleva
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Correspondence: Associate Professor Marina Konopleva, Departments of Leukemia and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 428, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYoko Tabe,
Marina Konopleva,
Yoko Tabe
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Marina Konopleva
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Correspondence: Associate Professor Marina Konopleva, Departments of Leukemia and Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 428, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Dynamic interactions between leukaemic cells and cells of the bone marrow are a feature of haematological malignancies. Two distinct microenvironmental niches in the bone marrow, the ‘osteoblastic (endosteal)’ and ‘vascular’ niches, provide a sanctuary for subpopulations of leukaemic cells to evade chemotherapy-induced death and allow acquisition of drug resistance. Key components of the bone marrow microenvironment as a home for normal haematopoietic stem cells and the leukaemia stem cell niches, and the molecular pathways critical for microenvironment/leukaemia interactions via cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules as well as hypoxic conditions, are described in this review. Finally, the genetic abnormalities of leukaemia-associated stroma are discussed. Further understanding of the contribution of the bone marrow niche to the process of leukaemogenesis may provide new targets that allow destruction of leukaemia stem cells without adversely affecting normal stem cell self-renewal.
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