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Origin and Geological Significance of TTG Gneisses from the Maevatanana Greenstone Belt in North–Central Madagascar, and A Comparison with India
Peng LI,
Jiankang LI,
Shanbao LIU,
Rongfu PEI,
Guanghai SHI,
Peng LI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jiankang LI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorShanbao LIU
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorRongfu PEI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorGuanghai SHI
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 China
Search for more papers by this authorPeng LI,
Jiankang LI,
Shanbao LIU,
Rongfu PEI,
Guanghai SHI,
Peng LI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jiankang LI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorShanbao LIU
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorRongfu PEI
Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037 China
Search for more papers by this authorGuanghai SHI
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbout the first author:
LI Peng is now a post doctoral research fellow at Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. He got his PhD degree from China University of Geosciences, Beijing in 2015. His research interests focus on Mineralogy and Petrology.
Abstract
The Maevatanana greenstone belt in north–central Madagascar contains widespread exposures of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) gneisses, and is important for its concentrations of various metal deposits (e.g., chromium, nickle, iron, gold). In this paper we report on the petrography, and major and trace element compositions of the TTG gneisses within the Berere Complex of the Maevatanana area, as well as LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopic compositions of zircons from the gneisses. The gneisses consist mainly of granitoid gneiss and biotite (± hornblende) plagiogneiss, and analysis of thin sections provides evidence of crushing, recrystallization, and metasomatism related to dynamic metamorphism. Samples have large variations in their major and trace element contents, with SiO2 = 55.87–68.06 wt%, Al2O3 = 13.9–17.8 wt%, and Na2O/K2O = 0.97–2.13. Geochemically, the granitoid gneisses and biotite plagiogneisses fall on a low–Al trondhjemite to granodiorite trend, while the biotite–hornblende plagiogneisses represent a high–Al tonalite TTG assemblage. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that the Berere Complex TTG gneisses formed at 2.5–2.4 Ga. Most ∊Hf(t) values of zircons from the biotite (± hornblende) plagiogneisses are positive, while most ∊Hf(t) values from the granitoid gneisses are negative, suggesting a degree of crustal contamination. Two–stage Hf model ages suggest that the age of the protolith of the TTG gneisses was ca. 3.4–2.6 Ga, representing a period of paleocontinent formation in the Mesoarchean. Geothermometries indicate the temperature of metamorphism of the TTG gneisses was 522–612°C. Based on these data, the protolith of the TTG gneisses is inferred to have formed during the development of a Mesoarchean paleocontinent that is now widely exposed as a TTG gneiss belt (mostly lower amphibolite facies) in the Maevatanana area, and which records a geological evolution related to the subduction of an ancient oceanic crust and the collision of microcontinents during the formation of the Rodinia supercontinent. The lithological similarity of Precambrian basement, the close ages of metamorphism within greenstone belts and the comparable distribution of metamorphic grade all show a pronounced Precambrian geology similarity between Madagascar and India, which can provide significative clues in understanding the possible Precambrian Supercontinent tectonics, and also important constraints on the correlation of the two continental fragments.
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