Sleep disordered breathing – a new component of syndrome x?
S. Coughlin BSc, MSc, PhD,
P. Calverley MB, FRCP, FRCPE,
J. Wilding DM, FRCP,
S. Coughlin BSc, MSc, PhD
Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK;
Search for more papers by this authorP. Calverley MB, FRCP, FRCPE
Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary and Rehabilitation Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Wilding DM, FRCP
Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK;
Search for more papers by this authorS. Coughlin BSc, MSc, PhD,
P. Calverley MB, FRCP, FRCPE,
J. Wilding DM, FRCP,
S. Coughlin BSc, MSc, PhD
Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK;
Search for more papers by this authorP. Calverley MB, FRCP, FRCPE
Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary and Rehabilitation Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Wilding DM, FRCP
Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK;
Search for more papers by this authorAddress reprint requests to: John Wilding, DM, FRCP, Senior Lecturer in Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a complication of obesity estimated to occur in about 4–6% of overweight individuals. These respiratory disturbances during sleep incorporate a number of conditions including snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). It is thought that as well as having deleterious effects on sleep quality these conditions may also promote cardiovascular and hormonal changes leading to an elevated blood pressure and an increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity. Evidence reviewed here points to an alteration in sympathovagal balance, baroreceptor sensitivity, insulin resistance and leptin, growth hormone and lipid levels. Whether these changes are a consequence of the associated obesity or the SDB itself remains to be proven.
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