Increased respiratory symptoms following surgery in children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke
Robert A Drongowski MA
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorDonald Lee BS
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorPaul I Reynolds MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorShobha Malviya MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorCarroll M Harmon MD
University of Alabama Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Birmingham, AL, USA and
Search for more papers by this authorJames Geiger MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorJoseph L Lelli Jr MD
Bronson Pediatric Surgery, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorArnold G Coran MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorRobert A Drongowski MA
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorDonald Lee BS
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorPaul I Reynolds MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorShobha Malviya MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorCarroll M Harmon MD
University of Alabama Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Birmingham, AL, USA and
Search for more papers by this authorJames Geiger MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorJoseph L Lelli Jr MD
Bronson Pediatric Surgery, Bronson Methodist Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorArnold G Coran MD
University of Michigan, Department of Surgery, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) via parental smoking (ETS+) developed more respiratory symptoms resulting in longer recovery times following surgical outpatient procedures compared with children of nonsmoking parents (ETS−).
Methods: One hundred and forty six children (4.9 ± 3 years) undergoing inguinal hernia repair were prospectively studied. Parental smoking behaviour was determined by survey and urine analysis. Seven respiratory symptoms were evaluated during induction and emergence from anaesthesia and during the recovery room (RR) stay.
Results: Fifty-seven (39%) families admitted a smoking history while 89 (61%) denied it. This strongly correlated with the cotinine/creatinine ratio (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.76; P = 0.01). ETS exposure was associated with an increased frequency of RR symptoms (ETS+: 56%; ETS−: 31%; P = 0.007).
Conclusions: In children undergoing general anaesthesia for inguinal hernia repair, ETS exposure was associated with an increased frequency of respiratory symptoms during emergence from anaesthesia and during postoperative recovery.
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