Volume 105, Issue 5 e70092
ORIGINAL PAPER

Pulsatile hydromagnetic Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid flow in a nonlinearly radiated inclined porous channel with nonuniform heat source/sink: Entropy analysis

Joseph Josuva

Joseph Josuva

Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

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Reganti Hemadri Reddy

Corresponding Author

Reganti Hemadri Reddy

Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Correspondence

Reganti Hemadri Reddy, Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Email: [email protected]

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First published: 11 May 2025

Abstract

This article comprehensively examines the dynamics of pressure-driven hydromagnetic flow of Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid through an inclined porous channel, subjected to both linear and nonlinear thermal radiation. Additional factors, such as nonuniform heat source/sink, thermophoresis, Soret diffusion, Brownian motion, Joule heating, and Beavers–Joseph slip condition, are also considered. The analysis further includes an examination of entropy generation within the flow domain. The outcomes of this study are expected to significantly contribute to diverse fields, including biomedical engineering, geothermal energy development, and advancements in hydrogen storage technology. A dimensional system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is developed to characterize the flow dynamics, incorporating Buongiorno effects into the mathematical model. Integrating nondimensional parameters aids in transforming dimensional PDEs into dimensionless forms. The equations were then processed using the perturbation technique, which generated a collection of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These ODEs were numerically solved with the aid of MATLAB's bvp4c solver, incorporating the shooting strategy and the Lobatto III-a implicit Runge–Kutta method. The graphs effectively illustrate the responses of flow profiles to variations in nondimensional quantities. The outcomes reported in this paper reinforce the premise that the adoption of slip effects is correlated with significant intensification of velocity. The amplification of parameters such as thermophoresis, temperature-dependent heat source/sink, space-dependent heat source/sink, and Brownian motion resulted in a corresponding increase in the steady temperature. A positive correlation was observed between channel inclination angle and temperature/velocity profiles, while an inverse correlation was evident for the concentration profile. Nonlinear thermal radiation demonstrates a stronger impact on steady temperature, Bejan number, entropy, and heat transfer rate than its linear counterpart.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT

The authors affirm that they have no competing interests.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

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