Volume 21, Issue 21 2500943
Research Article

Simultaneously Enhance Humidity Tolerance and Ionic Conductivity of Halide Electrolytes by Cation–Anion Co-Doping

Weizong Wang

Weizong Wang

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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Kexuan Jing

Kexuan Jing

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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He Ma

He Ma

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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Kang Liang

Kang Liang

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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Peng Wei

Peng Wei

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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Jiangchuan Liu

Jiangchuan Liu

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

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Yurong Ren

Corresponding Author

Yurong Ren

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Qian Zhao

Corresponding Author

Qian Zhao

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Zhengping Ding

Corresponding Author

Zhengping Ding

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power Battery, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164 China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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First published: 30 March 2025

Abstract

Halide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity and oxidation stability show significant potentials for the commercialization of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). However, their practical applications are limited by poor humidity tolerance and decreased ionic conductivity. Herein, the Li3/3-xIn1-xMxCl5.6F0.4 (M = Hf, Zr, Fe, and Y; x = 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15) are synthesized by co-doping Li3InCl6 with M and F ions for high-performance ASSBs. Li2.98In0.98Hf0.02Cl5.6F0.4 achieves the highest ionic conductivity of 1.04 mS cm−1 at room temperature and good humidity tolerance of 87.96% conductivity retention after 24 h exposure. The analysis of experiments combining BVSE and AIMD simulations indicates that it benefits from the enhanced rigid structure that is thermodynamically stable to water caused by Cl doping with F and higher Li+ vacancies concentration that facilitates Li+ conduction generated by In3+ doping with Hf4+. Moreover, an all-solid-state battery ensembled with Li2.98In0.98Hf0.02Cl5.6F0.4, LiCoO2 and Li–In alloy, exhibits a high discharge capacity of 83.6 mAh g−1 and 78.6% capacity retention after 100 cycles under 0.5 C at 25 °C. This work provides a reliable strategy for designing advanced halide SSEs for commercial applications in ASSBs by cation–anion co-doping.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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