Experimental and clinical antihypertensive activity of Matricaria chamomilla extracts and their angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity
Corresponding Author
Amani A. Awaad
Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Correspondence
Amani S. Awaad, Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorReham M. El-Meligy
Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Search for more papers by this authorGhada M. Zain
School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
Search for more papers by this authorAmal A. Safhi
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorNoura A. AL Qurain
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorShekhah S. Almoqren
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorYara M. Zain
School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
Search for more papers by this authorVidya D. Sesh Adri
Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorFahad I. Al-Saikhan
Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Amani A. Awaad
Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Correspondence
Amani S. Awaad, Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorReham M. El-Meligy
Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Search for more papers by this authorGhada M. Zain
School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
Search for more papers by this authorAmal A. Safhi
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorNoura A. AL Qurain
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorShekhah S. Almoqren
Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorYara M. Zain
School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
Search for more papers by this authorVidya D. Sesh Adri
Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorFahad I. Al-Saikhan
Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Three different extracts of Matricaria chamomilla L. were evaluated for their antihypertensive activity, these extracts were total alcohol extract (Extract 1), oil extracted (Extract 2), and water lifted after oil extraction (Extract 3). Quantitative and Qualitative analyses were carried out for all extracts. The 3 extracts were proved to be safe for human use. A single oral administration of the plant extracts (200 mg/kg) decreases both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of normotensive rats after 1, 1.5, and 2 hr. Furthermore, groups treated with the evaluated extracts (100 & 200 mg/kg) or Captopril (20 mg/kg) showed a significant reduction in the elevated blood pressure and heart rate. Extract 3 showed the most antihypertensive activity. Serum biochemical parameters and lipid profile levels of treated groups were improved in comparison with induced-hypertensive untreated rats. In evaluation of oxidative damage parameters Glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in some organs, the investigated extracts or captopril restored the amount of reduced Glutathione in tissues in addition to an increase in the activity of the SOD after a significant depletion of SOD activity. In the clinical study, there was a significant dose dependent decrease in Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate compared with their basal values in both normotensive and hypertensive human volunteers after oral administration of Matricaria chamomilla beverages.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflict of interest.
REFERENCES
- Achak, M., Hafidi, A., Ouazzani, N., Sayadi, S., & Mandi, L. (2009). Low cost biosorbent “banana peel” for the removal of phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. J Hazard Mater, 166(1), 117–125.
- Actis-Goretta, L., Ottaviani, J. I., Keen, C. L., & Fraga, C. G. (2003). Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity by flavan-3-ols and procyanidins. FEBS Letters, 555, 597–600.
- Adekenov, S. M. (1995). Sesquiterpene lactones from plants of the family Asteraceae in the Kazakhstan flora and their biological activity. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 31(1), 21–25.
10.1007/BF01167564 Google Scholar
- Akinyeye Berardi, R. R. (2000). Inflammatory bowel disease. In: E. Herfindal & D. Gourley (Eds.) (7th ed.), Textbook of Therapeutics-Drug and Disease Management (pp. 483–502). Lippincott Williams & Willkins.
- Awaad, A. S., Al-Rifai, A. A., El-Meligy, R. M., Alafeefy, A. M., & Alqasoumid, S. I. (2015). New activities for isolated compounds from convolvulus austro-aegyptiacus as anti-ulcerogenic, anti-Helicobacter pylori and their mimic synthesis using bio-guided fractionation. Phytotherapy Research, 29, 1311–1316.
- Bai, R., Wei, Z., Liu, J., Xie, W., Yao, H., Wu, X., … Xu, J. (2012). Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4′-[(benzimidazole-1-yl) methyl] biphenyl-2-sulfonamide derivatives as dual angiotensin II/endothelin A receptor antagonists. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 20, 4661–4667.
- Bai, R.-R., Wu, X.-M., & Xu, J.-Y. (2015). Current natural products with antihypertensive activity. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 13(6), 721–729.
- Baradari, A. G., Khezri, H. D., & Arabi, S. (2012). Comparison of antibacterial effects of oral rinses chlorhexidine and herbal mouth wash in patients admitted to intensive care unit. Bratislavské Lekárske Listy, 113(9), 556–560.
- Bhumi, G., & Savithramma, N. (2014). Screening of Pivotal Medicinal Plants for Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Constituents. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6(3), 63–65.
- Bohr, D. F., Dominiczak, A. F., & Webb, R. C. (1991). Pathophysiology of the vasculature in hypertension. Hypertension, 18(Suppl. 111), S69–S75.
- Buck, W. B., Osweiter, G. D., & VanGelder, A. G. (1976). Clinical and diagnostic veterinary toxicology ( 2nd ed.). (pp. 521–534). Iowa: Kendall, hunt Publishing Co.
- Chethan, J., Pradeep Kumar, P. M., & Prakash, H. S. (2014). Antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential of selected Asteraceae plant species. American Journal of Advanced Drug Delivery, 2(3), 355–363.
- de Souza, P., Gasparotto, A. Jr., Crestani, S., Stefanello, M. É. A., Marques, M. C. A., da Silva-Santos, J. E., & Kassuya, C. A. L. (2011). Hypotensive mechanism of the extracts and artemetin isolated from Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) in rats. Phytomedicine, 18, 819–825.
- Drummond, E. M., Harbourne, N., Marete, E., Jacquier, J. C., O'Riordan, D., & Gibney, E. R. (2013). An in vivo study examining the antiinflammatory effects of chamomile, meadowsweet, and willow bark in a novel functional beverage. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 10(4), 370–380.
- EI Alfy, T., El Sawi, S., El Tawab, S. A., & Moawad, D. (2012). Pharmacognostical study of Chorisia insignis HBK. grown in Egypt. Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 50(1), 17–39.
10.1016/j.bfopcu.2012.01.001 Google Scholar
- Ellman, G. L. (1959). Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 82, 70–77.
- Gould, L., Reddy, C. V., & Gomprecht, R. F. (1973). Cardiac effects of chamomile tea. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 13(11), 475–479.
- Gupta, V., Mittal, P., Bansal, P., Khokra, S. L., & Kaushik, D. (2010). Pharmacological potential of Matricaria recutita-A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 2, 12–16.
- Hertog, M. G., Feskens, E. J., Hollman, P. C., Katan, M. B., & Kromhout, D. (1993). Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: The Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet., 342, 1007–1011.
- Ikeda, K., Nara, Y., & Yamorii, Y. (1991). Indirect systolic and mean blood pressure determination by a new tail cuff method in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Laboratory Animals, 25, 26–29.
- Kato, A., Minoshima, Y., Yamamoto, J., Adachi, I., Watson, A., & Nash, R. (2008). Protective effects of dietary chamomile tea on diabetic complications. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 8206–8211.
- Khan, F. A., Hussain, I., Farooq, S., Ahmad, M., Arif, M., & Ur Rehman, I. (2011). Phytochemical screening of some Pakistanian medicinal plants. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 8, 575–578.
- Kokate, C., Purohit, A., & Gokhale, S. (2004). Pharmacognosy (2nd ed). (pp. 466–470). New Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan.
- Krishnaiah, D., Devi, T., Bono, A., & Sarbatly, R. (2009). Studies on phytochemical constituents of six Malaysian medicinal plants. Journal Med. Plants. Res., 3(2), 67–72.
- Kwon, Y. I., Vattem, D. A., & Shetty, K. (2006). Evaluation of clonal herbs of Lamiaceae species for management of diabetes and hypertension. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 15(1), 107–118.
- Lee, S. H., Quian, Z. J., & Kim, S. K. (2010). A novel angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide from tuna frame protein hydrolysate and its antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Chemistry, 118, 96–102.
- Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Archives of Toxicology, 54, 251–287.
- Mehani, M., & Ladjel, S. (2012). Antimicrobial effect of essential oils of the lant Eucalyptus camaldulensis on some pathogenic bacteria. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 3(2), 86–88.
10.7763/IJESD.2012.V3.193 Google Scholar
- Mekinić, I. G., Skroza, D., Ljubenkov, I., Krstulović, L., Možina, S. S., & Katalinić, V. (2014). Phenolic acids profile, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of chamomile, common yarrow and immortelle (Asteraceae). Natural Product Communications, 9(12), 1745–1748.
- Migahid, A. M. (1989). Flora of Saudi Arabia ( Second ed., Vol. II). Riyadh: King Saud University Libraries Pub.
- Misra, H. P., & Fridovich, I. (1972). The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 247, 3170.
- Ondetii, M. A. (1977). Design of specific inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme: New class of orally active antihypertensive agents. Science, 196, 441–444.
- Pierre, S., Crosbie, L., & Duttaroy, A. K. (2005). Inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of some herbs on human platelet aggregation in vitro. Platelets, 16(8), 469–473.
- Rahman, H., & Chandra, A. (2015). Microbiologic evaluation of Matricaria and Chlorhexidine against E. faecalis and C. albicans. Indian Journal of Dentistry, 6(2), 60–64.
- Restrepo, R. A., Loango, N., Moncada, M. V., & Landazuri, P. (2013). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa and Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Fuss. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 3(4), 776–785.
10.9734/BJPR/2013/3517 Google Scholar
- Santhi, K., & Sengottuve, R. (2016). Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Moringa concanensis Nimmo. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science, 5(1), 633–640.
- Schilcher, H., & Kamille, D. (1987). Handbuch fur arzte, apotheker und andere naturwissenschaftler ( 1st ed.). Germany: Wissenschaft Verlagsgesellschaft. Stuttgart
- Sharafzadeh, S., & Alizadeh, O. (2011). German and Roman chamomile. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 01(10), 01–05.
- Srivastava, J. K., & Gupta, S. (2009). Extraction, characterization, stability and biological activity of flavonoids isolated from chamomile flowers. Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 1(3), 138.
- Taleb-Contini, S. H., Schorr, K., Da Costa, F. B., & Camilo, D. (2007). Detection of flavonoids in glandular trichomes of Chromolaena species (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 43(2), 315–321.
- Thierry, B. N., Esther, N. L., Farouck, A. O., Emery, T. D., & Theophile, D. (2012). Aqueous extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Mimosaceae) prevents hypertension, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in high salt–sucrose induced hypertensive rats. Pharmacologia, 3, 397–405.
10.5567/pharmacologia.2012.397.405 Google Scholar
- Verma, S., Mohan, T., Revathy, T., Suthindhiran, K., & Jayasri, M. A. (2013). Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of selected plants. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 9(3), 291–299.
- Wijesekara, I., & Kim, S. K. (2010). Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors from marine resources: Prospects in the pharmaceutical industry. Marine Drugs, 8, 1080–1093.
- Zargaran, A., Borhani-Haghighi, A., Faridi, P., Daneshamouz, S., Kordafshari, G., & Mohagheghzadeh, A. (2014). Potential effect and mechanism of action of topical chamomile (Matricaria chammomila L.) oil on migraine headache: A medical hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses, 83(5), 566–569.
Citing Literature
