Respiratory function in children with nephrotic syndrome: Comparative evaluation of impulse oscillometry and spirometry
Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the respiratory functions of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) by impulse oscillometry (IOS) and its correlation with spirometry.
Methods
Fifty-five NS patients aged 3–18 years were included as the study group and 40 healthy children of the same age formed the control group. Patients were divided into nephrotic phase (first attack and relapse) and remission. Demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data of the children were recorded. Respiratory functions were evaluated by IOS and spirometry. Children over 6-years old performed both IOS and spirometry while children under 6 years performed only IOS.
Results
The R (R5%, R10%, R5-20), AX and Z5% values of IOS in patients with nephrotic phase were higher than remission patients and control group while spirometry indices of PEF% and MEF25-75% were lower. Z scores of MEF25-75 were significantly negatively correlated with z scores of R5, R10, Z5, and Fres while they were significantly positively correlated with z scores of X values (5, 10, 15, and 20 Hz). Z scores of forced expiratory volume in 1 /forced vital capacity significantly negatively correlated with z scores of R values (R5, R10), Z5 and AX and positively correlated with z scores of X values (X5, X10, X15 Hz).
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that respiratory functions measured by IOS and spirometry were affected at the time of nephrotic phase in NS patients. IOS, a novel method easily applicable even in small children, is a potentially valuable tool to detect this condition; given its good correlation with spirometry.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
