Controlled release of 2-heptanone using starch gel and polycaprolactone matrices and polymeric films†
Corresponding Author
Gregory M. Glenn
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Bioproducts Chemistry and Engineering, WRRC, USDA-ARS.Search for more papers by this authorArtur P. Klamczynski
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJustin Shey
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBor-Sen Chiou
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKevin M. Holtman
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDelilah F. Wood
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCharles Ludvik
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGloria DeGrandi Hoffman
Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 2000 East Allen Road, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Search for more papers by this authorWilliam J. Orts
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSyed Imam
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Gregory M. Glenn
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Bioproducts Chemistry and Engineering, WRRC, USDA-ARS.Search for more papers by this authorArtur P. Klamczynski
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJustin Shey
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBor-Sen Chiou
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKevin M. Holtman
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDelilah F. Wood
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCharles Ludvik
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGloria DeGrandi Hoffman
Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 2000 East Allen Road, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Search for more papers by this authorWilliam J. Orts
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSyed Imam
Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPaper presented at a symposium entitled “New Products from Biologically Derived Monomers, Polymers and Composites” at Pacifichem 2005, Honolulu, December 15–20, 2005.
Abstract
Varroa jacobsoni is a parasitic mite that is threatening the honeybee industry in many parts of the world. 2-Heptanone, a natural product made by honeybees at low concentrations, is effective at elevated concentrations in controlling mite populations in honeybee colonies, especially when released over a 42 day period. An extrusion process was used to encapsulate 14, 18, and 25% 2-heptanone in a polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix. Less than 18% of the 2-heptanone was encapsulated in the PCL matrix. The high vapor permeability of PCL to 2-heptanone resulted in a high flux rate and limited the usefulness of PCL as an encapsulation matrix for controlled-release devices. A starch gel containing three times its weight in 2-heptanone was prepared from starch-based microcellular foam (MCF). The gel had compressive, tensile, and flexural strength values in the range of 0.56 to 1.9 MPa. 2-Heptanone quickly evaporated from non-laminated gels. However, when the gel was laminated with different polymeric films, a wide range of flux rates was obtained. The T50 for gels laminated or coated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAL, 99% hydrolyzed) and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVAL) was 72 and 1030 days, respectively. The most promising film was a starch/glycerol film that released 50% of the 2-heptanone (T50) in approximately 13 days. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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