Visual control tools: A hidden productivity factor?^†

Karen J. Gritzmacher

Karen J. Gritzmacher is an assistant professor of operations at the College of Business, Arizona State University, in Tempe, Arizona. Previously, Dr. Gritzmacher was a manager with General Motors working in the areas of Just-in-Time manufacturing and materials management. She is a consultant for both private- and public-sector organizations in the fields of visual controls, productivity, Just-in-Time, and organizational behavior