Electrical stimulation delays reinnervation in denervated rat muscle
Clara M. Pinheiro-Dardis PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorBruna T. Erbereli PT
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorDavilene Gigo-Benato PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPaula A.T.S. Castro PhD
Laboratory of Muscle Plasticity, DFisio, UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Thiago L. Russo PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Correspondence to: T. L. Russo; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorClara M. Pinheiro-Dardis PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorBruna T. Erbereli PT
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorDavilene Gigo-Benato PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorPaula A.T.S. Castro PhD
Laboratory of Muscle Plasticity, DFisio, UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Thiago L. Russo PhD
Fisioterapia Neurológica (LaFiN), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, C.P. 676 – CEP: 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Correspondence to: T. L. Russo; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorFunding: This study was supported by FAPESP (2013/21321-6) and CAPES.
Conflicts of Interest: None of the authors has any conflict of interest to disclose.
ABSTRACT
Introduction
It is not clear if electrical stimulation (ES) can affect muscle reinnervation. This study aimed to verify if ES affects neuromuscular recovery after nerve crush injury in rats.
Methods
Denervated muscles were electrically stimulated daily for 6 or 14 days. Neuromuscular performance and excitability, and muscle morphology were determined. Muscle trophism markers (atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and myoD), as well as neuromuscular junction (NMJ) organization (muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase [MuSK], cytoplasmic protein downstream of kinase-7 [Dok-7], nicotinic ACh receptor [nAChR], and neural cell adhesion molecule [N-CAM]) were assessed.
Results
ES impaired neuromuscular recovery at day 14 postdenervation. Muscle hypoexcitability was accentuated by ES at 6 and 14 days postdenervation. Although ES reduced the accumulation of atrogin-1, MuRF1, and myoD mRNAs, it increased muscle atrophy. Gene expression of MuSK, Dok-7, nAChR, and the content of N-CAM protein were altered by ES.
Discussion
ES can delay the reinnervation process by modulating factors related to NMJ stability and organization, and inducing dysfunction, hypoexcitability, and muscle atrophy. Muscle Nerve 56: E108–E118, 2017
Supporting Information
Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.
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