Design of low-cost microstrip antenna arrays with parasitic elements to operate in the 3.4–3.6 GHz band

In this paper, a robust low-cost 4×4 microstrip antenna array is designed to be used in wireless communications systems working between 3.4 and 3.6 GHz. A foam substrate, together with a set of parasitic patches in two geometrical configurations, has been used to enhance its bandwidth. The first layout employs a layer of parasitic patches stacked onto the main radiator patch layer, and the second one uses a set of coplanar parasitic patches placed laterally adjacent to the main ones. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 188–192, 2002.