Moving water equilibria preserving nonstaggered central scheme for open-channel flows

In this paper, we investigate a well-balanced and positive-preserving nonstaggered central scheme, which has second-order accuracy on both time and spatial scales, for open-channel flows with the variable channel width and the nonflat bottom. We perform piecewise linear reconstructions of the conserved variables and energy as well as discretize the source term using the property that the energy remains constant, so that the complex source term and the flux can be precisely balanced so as to maintain the steady state. The scheme also ensures that the cross-sectional wet area is positive by introducing a draining time-step technique. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the scheme is capable of accurately maintaining both the still steady-state solutions and the moving steady-state solutions, simultaneously. Moreover, the scheme has the ability to accurately capture small perturbations of the moving steady-state solution and avoids generating spurious oscillations. It is also capable of showing that the scheme is positive-preserving and robust in solving the dam-break problem.