Volume 62, Issue 2 pp. 145-159
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 is a therapeutic target in squamous cell carcinoma

David Standing

David Standing

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Levi Arnold

Levi Arnold

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Prasad Dandawate

Prasad Dandawate

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Brendan Ottemann

Brendan Ottemann

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Vusala Snyder

Vusala Snyder

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Sivapriya Ponnurangam

Sivapriya Ponnurangam

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Afreen Sayed

Afreen Sayed

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Dharmalingam Subramaniam

Dharmalingam Subramaniam

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Pugazhendhi Srinivasan

Pugazhendhi Srinivasan

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Sonali Choudhury

Sonali Choudhury

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Jacob New

Jacob New

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Deep Kwatra

Deep Kwatra

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Prabhu Ramamoorthy

Prabhu Ramamoorthy

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Badal C. Roy

Badal C. Roy

Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Melissa Shadoin

Melissa Shadoin

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Raed Al-Rajabi

Raed Al-Rajabi

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Maura O'Neil

Maura O'Neil

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Sumedha Gunewardena

Sumedha Gunewardena

Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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John Ashcraft

John Ashcraft

Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Shahid Umar

Shahid Umar

Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Scott J. Weir

Scott J. Weir

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Institute for Advancing Medical Innovation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Ossama Tawfik

Ossama Tawfik

Department of Pathology, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri, USA

MAWD Pathology Group, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

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Subhash B. Padhye

Subhash B. Padhye

Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Research Academy, University of Pune, Pune, India

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Bernhard Biersack

Bernhard Biersack

Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

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Shrikant Anant

Corresponding Author

Shrikant Anant

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Correspondence Sufi Mary Thomas, PhD, Departments of Otolaryngology, Cancer Biology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., MS 3040, Wahl Hall East 4031, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Email: [email protected]

Shrikant Anant, PhD, Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, and University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Wahl Hall East 4019, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Email: [email protected]

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Sufi Mary Thomas

Corresponding Author

Sufi Mary Thomas

Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA

Correspondence Sufi Mary Thomas, PhD, Departments of Otolaryngology, Cancer Biology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., MS 3040, Wahl Hall East 4031, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Email: [email protected]

Shrikant Anant, PhD, Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, and University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Wahl Hall East 4019, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.

Email: [email protected]

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First published: 11 October 2022
Citations: 2

David Standing and Levi Arnold contributed equally to this study.

Abstract

Doublecortin like kinase 1 (DCLK1) plays a crucial role in several cancers including colon and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. However, its role in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains unknown. To this end, we examined DCLK1 expression in head and neck SCC (HNSCC) and anal SCC (ASCC). We found that DCLK1 is elevated in patient SCC tissue, which correlated with cancer progression and poorer overall survival. Furthermore, DCLK1 expression is significantly elevated in human papilloma virus negative HNSCC, which are typically aggressive with poor responses to therapy. To understand the role of DCLK1 in tumorigenesis, we used specific shRNA to suppress DCLK1 expression. This significantly reduced tumor growth, spheroid formation, and migration of HNSCC cancer cells. To further the translational relevance of our studies, we sought to identify a selective DCLK1 inhibitor. Current attempts to target DCLK1 using pharmacologic approaches have relied on nonspecific suppression of DCLK1 kinase activity. Here, we demonstrate that DiFiD (3,5-bis [2,4-difluorobenzylidene]−4-piperidone) binds to DCLK1 with high selectivity. Moreover, DiFiD mediated suppression of DCLK1 led to G2/M arrest and apoptosis and significantly suppressed tumor growth of HNSCC xenografts and ASCC patient derived xenografts, supporting that DCLK1 is critical for SCC growth.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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