Research Article

Controllable Self-Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes on Ammonium Polyphosphate as a Game-Changer for Flame Retardancy and Thermal Conductivity in Epoxy Resin

Yan Xia

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Ningbo Dacheng New Material Company Limited, Ningbo, 315300 China

Search for more papers by this author

Yutong Hong,

Yutong Hong

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Li Zhang,

Li Zhang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Juan Chai,

Juan Chai

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Bingtao Wang,

Bingtao Wang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Zhenghong Guo,

Zhenghong Guo

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Juan Li,

Corresponding Author

Juan Li

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-2091

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

Siqi Huo,

Corresponding Author

Siqi Huo

[email protected]

School of Engineering, Center for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300 Australia

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

Zhengping Fang,

Zhengping Fang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Yan Xia,

Yan Xia

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Ningbo Dacheng New Material Company Limited, Ningbo, 315300 China

Search for more papers by this author

Yutong Hong,

Yutong Hong

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Li Zhang,

Li Zhang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Juan Chai,

Juan Chai

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Bingtao Wang,

Bingtao Wang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Zhenghong Guo,

Zhenghong Guo

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

Juan Li,

Corresponding Author

Juan Li

[email protected]

orcid.org/0000-0003-4499-2091

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

Siqi Huo,

Corresponding Author

Siqi Huo

[email protected]

School of Engineering, Center for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, 4300 Australia

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

Zhengping Fang,

Zhengping Fang

Institute of Fire Safety Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100 China

Search for more papers by this author

First published: 13 August 2024

https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.202400356

Citations: 3

Share a link

Email
Wechat
Bluesky

Abstract

The optimization of flame retardancy and thermal conductivity in epoxy resin (EP), utilized in critical applications such as mechanical components and electronics packaging, is a significant challenge. This study introduces a novel, ultrasound-assisted self-assembly technique to create a dual-functional filler consisting of carbon nanotubes and ammonium polyphosphate (CNTs@APP). This method, leveraging dynamic ligand interactions and strategic solvent selection, allows for precise control over the assembly and distribution of CNTs on APP surfaces, distinguishing it from conventional blending approaches. The integration of 7.5 wt.% CNTs@APP₁₀ into EP nanocomposites results in substantial improvements in flame retardancy, as evidenced by a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 31.8% and achievement of the UL-94 V-0 rating. Additionally, critical fire hazard indicators, including total heat release (THR), total smoke release (TSR), and the peak intensity of CO yield (PCOY), are significantly reduced by 45.9% to 77.5%. This method also leads to a remarkable 3.6-fold increase in char yield, demonstrating its game-changing potential over traditional blending techniques. Moreover, despite minimal CNTs addition, thermal conductivity is notably enhanced, showing a 53% increase. This study introduces a novel approach in the development of multifunctional EP nanocomposites, offering potential for wide range of applications.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.

Supporting Information

References

1A. Osman, A. Elhakeem, S. Kaytbay, A. Ahmed, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 2022, 5, 547.
10.1007/s42114-022-00423-4
Google Scholar
2J. Yang, X. Shen, W. Yang, J. K. Kim, Prog. Mater. Sci. 2023, 133, 101054.
10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.101054
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
3Y. Wen, C. Chen, Y. Ye, Z. Xue, H. Liu, X. Zhou, Y. Zhang, D. Li, X. Xie, Y. W. Mai, Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 2201023.
10.1002/adma.202201023
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
4J. Wang, Y. Liu, H. Zhao, J. Liu, D. Wang, Y. Song, Y. Wang, Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 2009, 94, 625.
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.01.006
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
5L. D. Mathews, J. C. Capricho, M. Peerzada, N. V. Salim, J. Parameswaranpillai, N. Hameed, Mater. Today Commun. 2022, 33, 104702.
10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104702
CAS Google Scholar
6Q. Chen, L. Liu, A. Zhang, W. Wang, Z. Wang, J. Zhang, J. Feng, S. Huo, X. Zeng, P. Song, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 454, 140424.
10.1016/j.cej.2022.140424
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
7P. Xue, Y. Cheng, Y. Wang, G. Han, B. Zhou, C. He, C. Liu, Y. Feng, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 474, 145791.
10.1016/j.cej.2023.145791
CAS Google Scholar
8S. Lou, R. Yu, S. Wang, P. Fan, J. Liu, T. Tang, Polymer 2023, 268, 125715.
10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125715
CAS Google Scholar
9G. Han, X. Zhao, Y. Feng, J. Ma, K. Zhou, Y. Shi, C. Liu, X. Xie, Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 407, 127099.
10.1016/j.cej.2020.127099
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
10Z. Sun, J. Li, M. Yu, M. Kathaperumal, C. Wong, Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 446, 137319.
10.1016/j.cej.2022.137319
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
11M. Zhou, G. Yin, S. G. Prolongo, D. Wang, Polymers 2023, 15, 2818.
10.3390/polym15132818
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
12Y. Ouyang, L. Bai, H. Tian, X. Li, F. Yuan, Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2022, 152, 106685.
10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106685
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
13W. Yang, R. Lin, X. Li, C. Li, Y. Wu, G. Zhang, X. Liu, S. Li, Y. Wang, J. Energy Storage 2023, 66, 107372.
10.1016/j.est.2023.107372
Google Scholar
14B. W. Liu, H. B. Zhao, Y. Z. Wang, Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 2107905.
10.1002/adma.202107905
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
15K. Song, Y. Pan, J. Zhang, P. Song, J. He, D. Wang, R. Yang, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 468, 143653.
10.1016/j.cej.2023.143653
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
16W. Wu Klingler, A. Bifulco, C. Polisi, Z. Huang, S. Gaan, Compos. Pt. B-Eng. 2023, 258, 110667.
10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110667
CAS Google Scholar
17R. Lian, M. Ou, Z. Zhao, Q. Gao, X. Liu, L. Liu, X. Chen, C. Jiao, Prog. Org. Coat. 2023, 183, 107750.
10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.107750
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
18M. Wan, C. Shi, X. Qian, Y. Qin, J. Jing, H. Che, F. Ren, J. Li, B. Yu, K. Zhou, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 459, 141448.
10.1016/j.cej.2023.141448
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
19R. Lian, M. Ou, H. Guan, J. Cui, Z. Zhao, L. Liu, X. Chen, C. Jiao, Constr. Build. Mater. 2023, 389, 131786.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131786
CAS Google Scholar
20Q. Bao, R. He, Y. Liu, Q. Wang, Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2023, 164, 107309.
10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107309
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
21H. Y. Zhao, M. Y. Yu, J. Liu, X. Li, P. Min, Z. Z. Yu, Nano-Micro Lett. 2022, 14, 129.
10.1007/s40820-022-00878-6
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
22T. Sai, S. Ran, Z. Guo, P. Song, Z. Fang, SusMat 2022, 2, 411.
10.1002/sus2.73
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
23X. Bi, H. Di, J. Liu, Y. Meng, Y. Song, W. Meng, H. Qu, L. Fang, P. Song, J. Xu, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 2022, 5, 1743.
10.1007/s42114-021-00411-0
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
24Z. Yang, G. Xiao, C. Chen, C. Chen, F. Zhong, M. Wang, R. Zou, R. Li, Y. Li, M. Cao, Prog. Org. Coat. 2023, 177, 107426.
10.1016/j.porgcoat.2023.107426
CAS Google Scholar
25Z. Li, Q. Fan, Y. Yin, Chem. Rev. 2022, 122, 4976.
10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00482
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
26W. Wang, Y. Kan, J. Liu, K. M. Liew, L. Liu, Y. Hu, J. Hazard. Mater. 2017, 340, 263.
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.06.068
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
27E. Meirzadeh, A. M. Evans, M. Rezaee, M. Milich, C. J. Dionne, T. P. Darlington, S. T. Bao, A. K. Bartholomew, T. Handa, D. J. Rizzo, R. A. Wiscons, M. Reza, A. Zangiabadi, N. Fardian-Melamed, A. C. Crowther, P. J. Schuck, D. N. Basov, X. Zhu, A. Giri, P. E. Hopkins, P. Kim, M. L. Steigerwald, J. Yang, C. Nuckolls, X. Roy, Nature 2023, 613, 71.
10.1038/s41586-022-05401-w
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
28C. Zhang, W. Lu, Y. Xu, K. Zeng, G. W. Ho, Nature 2023, 616, 293.
10.1038/s41586-023-05809-y
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
29F. X. Redl, K. S. Cho, C. B. Murray, S. O'Brien, Nature 2003, 423, 968.
10.1038/nature01702
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
30C. Wang, K. Gong, B. Yu, K. Zhou, Compos. Pt. B-Eng. 2023, 265, 110935.
10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110935
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
31L. Yin, K. Gong, K. Zhou, X. Qian, C. Shi, Z. Gui, L. Qian, J. Colloid. Interface. Sci. 2022, 608, 853.
10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.056
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
32X. Wang, S. Zhou, W. Xing, B. Yu, X. Feng, L. Song, Y. Hu, J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 4383.
10.1039/c3ta00035d
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
33F. Zhang, J. Luo, J. Chen, H. Luo, M. Jiang, C. Yang, H. Zhang, J. Chen, A. Dong, J. Yang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2023, 62, e202310383.
10.1002/anie.202310383
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
34D. Han, Q. Zhou, Y. Xia, D. Huang, J. Qin, L. Wang, X. Wang, X. Zheng, D. Wu, Carbon 2022, 200, 296.
10.1016/j.carbon.2022.08.074
CAS Google Scholar
35Y. Hu, Y. Li, L. Yu, Y. Zhang, Y. Lai, W. Zhang, W. Xie, Chem. Sci. 2022, 13, 11792.
10.1039/D2SC02843C
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
36Y. Liu, P. Zhang, N. Sun, B. Anasori, Q. Zhu, H. Liu, Y. Gogotsi, B. Xu, Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1707334.
10.1002/adma.201707334
Web of Science® Google Scholar
37K. C. Kao, A. C. Yang, W. Huang, C. Zhou, E. D. Goodman, A. Holm, C. W. Frank, M. Cargnello, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2021, 60, 7971.
10.1002/anie.202017238
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
38Q. Cai, J. Wang, Y. Jiao, T. Li, Y. Xia, M. Li, Y. Yang, G. Wu, J. Zou, J. Hu, A. Dong, D. Yang, Small 2021, 17, 2101173.
10.1002/smll.202101173
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
39S. Huo, P. Song, B. Yu, S. Ran, V. S. Chevali, L. Liu, Z. Fang, H. Wang, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2021, 114, 101366.
10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101366
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
40Q. Chen, L. Liu, A. Zhang, W. Wang, Z. Wang, J. Zhang, J. Feng, S. Huo, X. Zeng, P. Song, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 454, 140424.
10.1016/j.cej.2022.140424
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
41M. Zhu, L. Liu, Z. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater. 2020, 392, 122343.
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122343
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
42K. Zhou, K. Gong, F. Gao, L. Yin, Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2022, 157, 106912.
10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106912
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
43T. Zhang, H. Yan, M. Peng, L. Wang, H. Ding, Z. Fang, Nanoscale 2013, 5, 3013.
10.1039/c3nr34020a
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
44J. Li, B. Hu, K. Hui, K. Li, L. Wang, Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2021, 150, 106633.
10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106633
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
45C. Zhao, Y. Li, Y. Liu, H. Xie, W. Yu, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 2023, 6, 27.
10.1007/s42114-022-00584-2
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
46X. Tan, Q. Yuan, M. Qiu, J. Yu, N. Jiang, C. Lin, W. Dai, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2022, 117, 238.
10.1016/j.jmst.2021.10.052
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
47D. X. Sun, T. Gu, Y. T. Mao, C. H. Huang, X. D. Qi, J. H. Yang, Y. Wang, Biomacromolecules 2022, 23, 1789.
10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00067
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
48A. Dabaleh, A. Mohammadi, A. Shojaei, A. Nematollahzadeh, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2024, 16, 5075.
10.1021/acsami.3c15220
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
49T. Mukhtar, R. Z. A. Manj, I. A. Khan, Z. A. Raza, M. Aslam, Mater. Today Commun. 2024, 38, 108208.
10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.108208
CAS Google Scholar
50P. Sun, P. Jia, W. Wang, N. Hong, F. Yu, D. Chen, B. Wang, Z. Gui, Y. Hu, Compos. Pt. B-Eng. 2024, 279, 111450.
10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111450
CAS Google Scholar

Citing Literature

Volume45, Issue20

October 2024

2400356

Controllable Self-Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes on Ammonium Polyphosphate as a Game-Changer for Flame Retardancy and Thermal Conductivity in Epoxy Resin

Abstract

Conflict of Interest

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

Supporting Information

References

Citing Literature

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

Controllable Self-Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes on Ammonium Polyphosphate as a Game-Changer for Flame Retardancy and Thermal Conductivity in Epoxy Resin

Abstract

Conflict of Interest

Open Research

Data Availability Statement

Supporting Information

References

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information