Applying theories, models, and frameworks to help genetic counselors and students achieve clinical and professional goals
Corresponding Author
Deborah Cragun
College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
Correspondence
Deborah Cragun, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorLindsey Victoria
Labcorp Women's Health and Genetics, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAngela R. Bradbury
Abramson Cancer Center and Division of Hematology-Oncology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarleah Dean
Department of Communication, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
Health Outcomes & Behavior Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJada G. Hamilton
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMira L. Katz
Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlanna Kulchak Rahm
Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJennifer W. Mack
Department of Pediatric Oncology and Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKen Resnicow
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKimberly A. Kaphingst
Department of Communication and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Deborah Cragun
College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
Correspondence
Deborah Cragun, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorLindsey Victoria
Labcorp Women's Health and Genetics, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAngela R. Bradbury
Abramson Cancer Center and Division of Hematology-Oncology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMarleah Dean
Department of Communication, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
Health Outcomes & Behavior Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJada G. Hamilton
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMira L. Katz
Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlanna Kulchak Rahm
Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJennifer W. Mack
Department of Pediatric Oncology and Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKen Resnicow
University of Michigan School of Public Health, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKimberly A. Kaphingst
Department of Communication and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Some genetic counselors (GCs) may find theories, models, and frameworks (TMFs) useful in clinical skills selection and when reflecting on or evaluating genetic counseling practice. This paper aims to demonstrate how TMFs can be used to postulate how different skills may impact patients'/clients' decisions, behaviors, and outcomes and consider how multiple TMFs can inform the use of various skills or strategies to achieve different goals. Additionally, we provide examples of TMFs that may help GCs in nonclinical aspects of their work, such as implementing and evaluating new interventions or service delivery models. To guide the selection of appropriate TMFs, we provide a set of questions to consider and include examples of skills and approaches that align with different TMFs. While TMFs provide a structured approach and valuable guidance that may help advance genetic counseling practice, they have certain limitations. Additional research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of using TMFs to guide clinical practice and improve patient/client outcomes.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
Deborah Cragun, Marleah Dean, Jada G. Hamilton, Mira L. Katz, Alanna Kulchak Rahm, Ken Resnicow, and Kimberly A. Kaphingst declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Angela R. Bradbury has partial grant support and advisory funds from Astrazeneca and Merck. Although Lindsey Victoria works for a commercial company, most of her contributions to this paper occurred while she was a graduate student at the University of South Florida, and she reports no conflict of interest.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
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