Repair of rat critical size calvarial defect using osteoblast-like and umbilical vein endothelial cells seeded in gelatin/hydroxyapatite scaffolds
Behrooz Johari
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMaryam Ahmadzadehzarajabad
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMahmoud Azami
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMansure Kazemi
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMansooreh Soleimani
Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorSaied Kargozar
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorSaieh Hajighasemlou
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mohammad M Farajollahi
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence to: Mohammad M. Farajollahi; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAli Samadikuchaksaraei
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorBehrooz Johari
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMaryam Ahmadzadehzarajabad
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMahmoud Azami
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMansure Kazemi
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorMansooreh Soleimani
Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorSaied Kargozar
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorSaieh Hajighasemlou
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mohammad M Farajollahi
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence to: Mohammad M. Farajollahi; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAli Samadikuchaksaraei
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The present study used a previously developed three-dimensional Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite (Gel/HA) homogeneous nanocomposite scaffold with porosity of 82% and interconnecting pores ranging from 300 to 500 μm. Cell-seeded scaffolds were used to evaluate bone regeneration of rat critical-size calvarial defect. Totally, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups, including blank defect (defects without any graft), blank scaffold (defects filled with Gel/HA scaffold without cells), and two groups of cell-seeded scaffolds (defects filled with either Gel/HA scaffold seeded with osteoblast-like and endothelial cells or osteoblast-like cell-seeded constructs). After 1, 4, and 12 weeks of scaffold implantation, rats were sacrificed and the calvaria were harvested for histological, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric analysis. In vitro tests showed that scaffolds were nontoxic to cells and promoted ideal cellular attachment. In vivo investigation on scaffold revealed that blank calvarial defects indicated incomplete tissue coverage and little evidence of bone healing. However, blank scaffold and cell-seeded scaffolds significantly promoted osteoconduction and ostegogenesis. Taken together, pre-seeded Gel/HA nanocomposite scaffold with osteoblasts and endothelial cells presented an effective combination to improve osteogenesis in the engineered bone implant. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1770–1778, 2016.
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