Does Faculty Development Enhance Teaching Effectiveness?
Corresponding Author
William D. Hendricson M.A., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Assistant Dean
Educational and Faculty Development, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School
Direct correspondence to Mr. William Hendricson, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Dental School, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229; 210-567-0436; [email protected].
Search for more papers by this authorEugene Anderson Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Director
Center for Educational Policy and Research, American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorSandra C. Andrieu Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Dean
Academic Affairs, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorD. Gregory Chadwick D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Vice Chancellor
Oral Health, East Carolina University
Search for more papers by this authorJames R. Cole D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, member of the Commission
Dental Accreditation
Search for more papers by this authorMary C. George R.D.H., M.Ed.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Professor
Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorGerald N. Glickman D.D.S., J.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Chair
Endodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorJoel F. Glover D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, member of the Board of Trustees
American Dental Association
Search for more papers by this authorJerold S. Goldberg D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Dean
Case School of Dental Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorN. Karl Haden Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, President
Academy for Academic Leadership
Search for more papers by this authorKenneth L. Kalkwarf D.D.S., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Chair and Dean
Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School
Search for more papers by this authorCyril Meyerowitz B.D.S., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Director
Eastman Dental Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorLaura M. Neumann D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Executive Director for Education
American Dental Association
Search for more papers by this authorMarsha Pyle D.D.S., M.Ed.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Dean for Education
Case School of Dental Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorLisa A. Tedesco Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Vice Provost for Academic Affairs in Graduate Studies and Dean
Graduate School, Emory University
Search for more papers by this authorRichard W. Valachovic D.M.D., M.P.H.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Executive Director
American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorRichard G. Weaver D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Director
Center for Educational Policy and Research, American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorRonald L. Winder D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, private practice
Tulsa, Oklahoma
Search for more papers by this authorStephen K. Young D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Dean
College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
William D. Hendricson M.A., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Assistant Dean
Educational and Faculty Development, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School
Direct correspondence to Mr. William Hendricson, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Dental School, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229; 210-567-0436; [email protected].
Search for more papers by this authorEugene Anderson Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Director
Center for Educational Policy and Research, American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorSandra C. Andrieu Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Dean
Academic Affairs, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorD. Gregory Chadwick D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Vice Chancellor
Oral Health, East Carolina University
Search for more papers by this authorJames R. Cole D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, member of the Commission
Dental Accreditation
Search for more papers by this authorMary C. George R.D.H., M.Ed.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Professor
Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorGerald N. Glickman D.D.S., J.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Chair
Endodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorJoel F. Glover D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, member of the Board of Trustees
American Dental Association
Search for more papers by this authorJerold S. Goldberg D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Dean
Case School of Dental Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorN. Karl Haden Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, President
Academy for Academic Leadership
Search for more papers by this authorKenneth L. Kalkwarf D.D.S., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Chair and Dean
Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Dental School
Search for more papers by this authorCyril Meyerowitz B.D.S., M.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Director
Eastman Dental Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
Search for more papers by this authorLaura M. Neumann D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Executive Director for Education
American Dental Association
Search for more papers by this authorMarsha Pyle D.D.S., M.Ed.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Dean for Education
Case School of Dental Medicine
Search for more papers by this authorLisa A. Tedesco Ph.D.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Vice Provost for Academic Affairs in Graduate Studies and Dean
Graduate School, Emory University
Search for more papers by this authorRichard W. Valachovic D.M.D., M.P.H.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Executive Director
American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorRichard G. Weaver D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Associate Director
Center for Educational Policy and Research, American Dental Education Association
Search for more papers by this authorRonald L. Winder D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, private practice
Tulsa, Oklahoma
Search for more papers by this authorStephen K. Young D.D.S.
members of the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education, Dean
College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma
Search for more papers by this authorThis article is one in a series of invited contributions by members of the dental and dental education community that have been commissioned by the ADEA Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education (CCI) to address the environment surrounding dental education and affecting the need for, or process of, curricular change. This article is authored by the ADEA CCI but does not necessarily reflect the views of ADEA or individual members of the ADEA CCI.
Abstract
Academic dentists and members of the practice community have been hearing, for more than a decade, that our educational system is in trouble and that the profession has lost its vision and may be wavering in the achievement of its goals. A core of consistently recommended reforms has framed the discussion of future directions for dental education, but as yet, most schools report little movement toward implementation of these reforms in spite of persistent advocacy. Provision of faculty development related to teaching and assessment strategies is widely perceived to be the essential ingredient in efforts to introduce new curricular approaches and modify the educational environment in academic dentistry. Analyses of the outcomes of efforts to revise health professions curricula have identified the availability and effectiveness of faculty development as a predictor of the success or failure of reform initiatives. This article will address faculty development for purposes of enhancing teaching effectiveness and preparing instructors for potential new roles associated with curriculum changes. Its overall purpose is to provide information and insights about faculty development that may be useful to dental schools in designing professional growth opportunities for their faculty. Seven questions are addressed: 1) What is faculty development? 2) How is faculty development accomplished? 3) Why is faculty development particularly important in dental education? 4) What happens when faculty development does not accompany educational reform? 5) Why are teaching attitudes and behaviors so difficult to change? 6) What outcomes can be expected from faculty development? and 7) What does the available evidence tell us about the design of faculty development programs? Evidence from systematic reviews pertaining to the teaching of evidence-based dentistry, strategies for continuing professional education, and the Best Evidence in Medical Education review of faculty development outcomes are presented to answer this question: does faculty development enhance teaching effectiveness? Characteristics consistently associated with effective faculty development are described.
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