Volume 33, Issue 5 e4439
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Achieving fast page load for websites across multiple domains

Jiawei Huang

Jiawei Huang

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

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Haitao Zhu

Haitao Zhu

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

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Mingyue Liu

Mingyue Liu

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

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Tao Zhang

Corresponding Author

Tao Zhang

School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Changsha University, Changsha, China

Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet Technology and Security, Changsha University, Changsha, China

Correspondence:

Tao Zhang, School of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, China.

Email: [email protected]

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Jianxin Wang

Jianxin Wang

School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

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First published: 05 January 2022

Funding information: Key Research and Development Program of Hunan, 2022WK2005; National Natural Science Foundation of China, 62132022; 61872387; 61872403; Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, 2021JJ30867

Abstract

The dependencies between the resources on web page slow down the page load process, resulting in degradation of user experience and provider revenue. Recent solutions reprioritize requests at client side to fetch resources according to the page's dependency structure. However, since resources on modern web pages are often served by the direct-connect and multiple third-party domains, optimizing web performance only at the client side is not able to minimize the long waiting time for the resources across multiple domains. To address this inefficiency problem, we present fast page load (FPL), a scheme of restructuring the interaction between multiple domains to accelerate web page loads. The key of our solution is that the credible servers in third-party domains proactively push resources to client with the aid of server in the direct-connect domain. Therefore, FPL eliminates the waiting time of resource requesting and TCP handshaking between the client and servers in third-party domains. Furthermore, we propose FPL+ to schedule resources based on the dependency and size of objects to improve user perception and experience in terms of time-to-first-paint. Experiment results show that our approach FPL and FPL+ effectively reduces the median page load time by up to 44% across popular websites.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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