Review
Application of X-Ray Computed Tomography Technology in Gas Hydrate
Shihui Ma,
Jia-nan Zheng,
Dawei Tang,
Yuanping Li,
Qingping Li,
Xin Lv,
Shihui Ma
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorJia-nan Zheng
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dawei Tang
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorYuanping Li
Institute of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Guangzhou, 510420 China
Search for more papers by this authorQingping Li
CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100027 China
Search for more papers by this authorXin Lv
CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100027 China
Search for more papers by this authorShihui Ma,
Jia-nan Zheng,
Dawei Tang,
Yuanping Li,
Qingping Li,
Xin Lv,
Shihui Ma
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorJia-nan Zheng
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dawei Tang
Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116000 China
Search for more papers by this authorYuanping Li
Institute of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Guangzhou, 510420 China
Search for more papers by this authorQingping Li
CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100027 China
Search for more papers by this authorXin Lv
CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100027 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Clathrate hydrates are formed by water molecules and natural gas molecules under a certain temperature and pressure. Natural gas hydrates are mainly distributed in the marine sediments and the permafrost in nature. As a kind of potential clean energy, determining the structural characteristics of hydrates in sediments is the prerequisite for the safe and economic exploitation of natural gas hydrate. X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a potential method to nondestructively detect the occurrence of natural gas hydrate. The basic physical properties such as porosity, hydrate saturation, and sediment permeability of the hydrate-bearing sediments are analyzed by calculating the CT numbers or combining with the network model. Therefore, the X-ray CT is used to study the hydrates produced in the laboratory and the hydrates formed in the nature by scientists all over the world. By summarizing the previous research, this article focuses on the important role of X-ray CT in the hydrate research from the following three aspects: analyzing the basic physical properties of hydrate sediment, identifying the occurrence mode of hydrate in sediments, and measuring the hydrate formation and decomposition process. In response to the research progress and future research directions, relevant suggestions had been put forward.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
- 1Y. C. Song, S. L. Wang, M. J. Yang, W. G. Liu, J. F. Zhao, S. R. Wang, Fuel 2015, 140, 126.
- 2M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, W. G. Liu, J. F. Zhao, X. K. Ruan, L. L. Jiang, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2013, 90, 69.
- 3M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Y. Liu, Y. J. Chen, Q. P. Li, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2010, 18, 292
- 4J. F. Zhao, T. Yu, Y. C. Song, D. Liu, W. G. Liu, Y. Liu, M. J. Yang, X. K. Ruan, Y. H. Li, Energy 2013, 52, 308.
- 5M. F. Kheshty, F. Varaminian, N. Farhadian, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2018, 52, 1.
- 6M. Mesbah, E. Soroush, M. Rezakazemi, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2017, 25, 1238.
- 7J. Phirani, K. K. Mohanty, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2009, 64, 2361.
- 8J. F. Zhao, L. Yao, Y. C. Song, K. H. Xue, C. X. Cheng, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011, 29, 281.
- 9H. P. Veluswamy, J. C. Yew, P. Linga, J. Chem. Eng. Data 2015, 60, 228.
- 10J. C. Feng, Y. Wang, X. S. Li, Energy 2016, 102, 176.
- 11Z. Y. Yin, Z. R. Chong, H. K. Tan, P. Linga, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2016, 35, 1362.
- 12H. P. Veluswamy, W. J. Ang, D. Zhao, P. Linga, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2015, 132, 202.
- 13H. Mimachi, S. Takeya, A. Yoneyama, K. Hyodo, T. Takeda, Y. Gotoh, T. Murayama, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2014, 118, 208.
- 14H. P. Veluswamy, A. Kumar, K. Premasinghe, P. Linga, Appl. Energy 2017, 207, 573.
- 15M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, L. L. Jiang, W. G. Liu, B. L. Dou, W. Jing, Appl. Energy 2014, 135, 504.
- 16M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, L. L. Jiang, Y. C. Zhao, X. K. Ruan, Y. Zhang, S. R. Wang, Appl. Energy 2014, 116, 26.
- 17Z. R. Chong, J. Z. Zhao, J. H. R. Chan, Z. Y. Yin, P. Linga, Appl. Energy 2018, 214, 117.
- 18L. Qu, C. C. Zou, Z. Q. Lu, C. Q. Yu, N. Li, J. C. Zhu, X. H. Zhang, X. Y. Yue, M. Z. Gao, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2017, 88, 1047.
- 19P. F. Wang, M. J. Yang, B. B. Chen, Y. C. Zhao, J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2017, 168, 344.
- 20A. Siangsai, P. Rangsunvigit, B. Kitiyanan, S. Kulprathipanja, P. Linga, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2015, 126, 383
- 21L. T. Chen, C. Y. Sun, G. J. Chen, Y. Q. Nie, Z. S. Sun, Y. T. Liu, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2009, 17, 635.
- 22C. Giavarini, A. Filippo Maccioni, M. L. Santarelli, Indengchemres 2003, 42, 1517.
- 23S. X. Li, X. Xia, J. Xuan, Y. P. Liu, Q. P. Li, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2010, 18, 39.
- 24M. Hideki, T. Ito, S. Kimura, H. Kaneko, S. Noda, N. Tenma, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2018, 50, 147.
- 25S. Merey, C. Sinayuc, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2016, 29, 66.
- 26H. Najibi, A. Chapoy, H. Haghighi, B. Tohidi, Fluid Phase Equilib. 2009, 275, 127.
- 27M. H. Yu, W. Z. Li, M. J. Yang, L. L. Jiang, Y. C. Song, Energy Procedia 2017, 105, 250.
- 28J. C. Feng, Y. Wang, X. S. Li, Z. Y. Chen, G. Li, Y. Zhang, Appl. Energy 2015, 154, 995.
- 29H. Y. Jiang, W. J. Qiao, T. X. Zhong, X. M. Song, R. L. Qi, X. X. An, Energy 2008, 13, 19.
- 30B. Li, S. D. Liu, Y. P. Liang, H. Liu, Appl. Energy 2018, 227, P694.
- 31L. L. Jiang, S. Y. Tang, L. X. Chen, Y. Zhou, X. C. Tang, Guangzhou Chem. Ind. 2017, 45, 9.
- 32M. H. Yu, W. Z. Li, L. L. Jiang, X. Wang, M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Appl. Energy 2018, 227, 28.
- 33V. N. Khlebnikov, S. V. Antonov, A. S. Mishin, D. A. Bakulin, I. V. Khamidullina, M. Liang, V. A. Vinolurov, P. A. Gushchin, Nat. Gas Ind. B 2016, 3, 445.
10.1016/j.ngib.2017.02.005 Google Scholar
- 34X. H. Wang, Y. F. Sun, Y. F. Wang, N. Li, C. Y. Sun, G. J. Chen, B. Liu, L. Y. Yang, Appl. Energy 2017, 188, 305.
- 35C. G. Xu, X. S. Li, J. Cai, C. Y. Chen, C. Chen, CIESC J. 2013, 64, 2309.
- 36J. F. Zhao, X. Q. Chen, Y. C. Song, Z. H. Zhu, L. Yang, Y. L. Tian, J. Q. Wang, Y. Zhang, Energy Procedia 2014, 61, 75.
- 37C. Y. Sun, W. Z. Li, X. Yang, F. G. Li, Q. Yuan, L. Mu, J. Chen, B. Liu, G. J. Chen, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2011, 19, 151.
- 38J. F. Zhao, Z. H. Zhu, Y. C. Song, W. G. Liu, Y. Zhang, D. Y. Wang, Appl. Energy 2015, 142, 125.
- 39W. Zhang, C. F. Li, C. L. Liu, G. W. Hu, Q. G. Meng, X. D. Huang, S. J. Zhao, Comput. Tomogr. Theory Appl. 2016, 25, 13.
- 40L. X. Zhang, J. F. Zhao, H. S. Dong, Y. C. Zhao, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Y. C. Song, Chem. Eng. Sci. 2016, 144, 135.
- 41M. J. Yang, Z. Fu, L. L. Jiang, Y. C. Song, Appl. Energy 2017, 187, 180.
- 42P. F. Wang, S. L. Wang, Y. C. Song, M. J. Yang, Appl. Energy 2017, 227, 703.
- 43Y. C. Song, C. X. Cheng, J. F. Zhao, Z. H. Zhu, W. G. Liu, M. J. Yang, K. H. Xue, Appl. Energy 2015, 145, 265.
- 44B. Wang, Z. Fan, P. F. Wang, Y. Liu, J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Appl. Energy 2018, 227, 624.
- 45Z. R. Chong, G. A. Pujar, M. J. Yang, P. Linga, Appl. Energy 2016, 177, 409.
- 46Ş. Merey, S. N. Longinos, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2018, 52, 248.
- 47Z. Z. Xia, J. Hou, Y. Liu, S. X. Li, Q. J. Du, N. Lu, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2017, 157, 56.
- 48M. J. Yang, Z. Fu, Y. C. Zhao, L. L. Jiang, J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Fuel 2016, 166, 419.
- 49Y. C. Song, L. Yang, J. F. Zhao, W. G. Liu, M. J. Yang, Y. H. Li, Y. Liu, Q. P. Li, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2014, 31, 778.
- 50O. Zatsepina, M. Pooladi-Darvish, H. Hong, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2011, 3, 496.
- 51G. W. Hu, Y. G. Ye, J. Zhang, C. L. Liu, S. B. Diao, J. S. Wang, J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115.
- 52J. Shen, C. F. Chiu, C. W. W. Ng, G. H. Lei, J. Xu, Comput. Geotech. 2016, 75, 1.
- 53J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, X. L. Lim, W. H. Lam, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2017, 70, 875.
- 54Y. C. Song, Y. M. Kuang, Z. Fan, Y. C. Zhao, J. F. Zhao, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2018, 121, 207.
- 55J. F. Zhao, Z. Fan, H. S. Dong, Z. Yang, Y. C. Song, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2016, 103, 265.
- 56J. F. Zhao, D. Liu, M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2014, 77, 529.
- 57M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, L. L. Jiang, W. Jing, W. G. Liu, B. L. Dou, J. Chem. Thermodyn. 2014, 78, 167.
- 58M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, L. L. Jiang, N. J. Zhu, Y. Liu, Y. C. Zhao, B. L. Dou, Q. P. Li, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 9739.
- 59Y. C. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Y. Liu, H. F. Liang, B. L. Dou, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 4707.
- 60M. J. Yang, Z. R. Chong, J. N. Zheng, Y. C. Song, P. Linga, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2017, 74, 1346.
- 61G. N. Hounsfield, Br. J. Radiol. 1973, 46, 1016.
- 62M. Diwakar, M. Kumar, Biomed. Signal Process. Control 2018, 42, 73.
- 63H. N. Mao, J. M. Liu, Inf. Med. Equip. 2005, 20, 33.
- 64S. Jin, J. Nagao, S. Takeya, Y. Jin, J. Hayashi, Y. Kamata, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2006, 45, L714.
- 65Y. Jin, Y. Konno, J. Nagao, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2014, 85, 094502.
- 66M. Sato, S. Takeya, J. Nagao, S. Jin, Y. Kamata, H. Minagawa, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44, 473.
- 67Y. Seol, T. J. Kneafsey, L. Tomutsa, G. J. Moridis, Preliminary Relative Permeability Estimates of Methanehydrate-Bearing Sand, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California, USA 2006.
- 68L. Yang, J. F. Zhao, W. G. Liu, M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Energy 2015, 79, 203
- 69P. Jaiswal, S. Al-Bulushi, P. Dewangan, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2014, 58, 331
- 70K. W. Jones, H. Feng, S. Tomov, W. J. Winters, M. Prodanović, D. Mahajan, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2007, 56, 136
- 71C. F. Li, C. L. Liu, Q. G. Meng, G. W. Hu, W. Zhang, Z. Q. Lu, H. J. Wen, Y. H. Li, W. C. Wang, Geoscience 2015, 5, 1189.
- 72C. F. Li, G. W. Hu, W. Zhang, Y. G. Ye, C. L. Liu, Q. Li, J. Y. Sun, Sci. China Earth Sci. 2016, 46, 1223.
- 73C. F. Li, G. W. Hu, W. Zhang, Y. G. Ye, C. L. Liu, Q. Li, J. Y. Sun, Sci. China Earth Sci. 2016, 59, 2223.
- 74Y. Seol, E. M. Myshakin, T. J. Kneafsey, Quantitative Applications of X-ray CT Observations for Core-Scale Hydrate Studies, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK 2011.
- 75Y. Seol, T. J. Kneafsey, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2009, 66, 121.
- 76W. F. Waite, T. J. Kneafsey, W. J. Winters, D. H. Mason, Geophys. Res. 2008, 113, B07102.
- 77G. Bohrmann, W. F. Kuhs, S. A. Klapp, K. S. Techmer, H. Klein, M. M. Murshed, F. Abegg, Mar. Geol. 2007, 244, 1.
- 78H. M. Dong, J. M. Sun, Z. Z. Lin, H. Fang, Y. F. Li, L. K. Cui, W. C. Yan, J. Geophys. Eng. 2018, 15, 275.
- 79M. Holland, P. Schultheiss, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2014, 58, 168.
- 80M. Holland, P. Schultheiss, J. Roberts, M. Druce, in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008), Vancouver, BC, Canada 2008.
- 81E. V. L. Rees, J. A. Priest, C. R. I. Clayton, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2011, 28, 1283.
- 82L. Ai, J. F. Zhao, J. Q. Wang, Y. C. Song, Energy Procedia 2017, 105, 4802.
10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.950 Google Scholar
- 83Y. Konno, Y. Jin, T. Uchiumi, J. Nagao, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2013, 84, 064501.
- 84Y. Seol, T. J. Kneafsey, J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116, B08102.
- 85J. Q. Wang, J. F. Zhao, Y. Zhang, D. Y. Wang, Y. H. Li, Y. C. Song, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2015, 26, 1372.
- 86J. Q. Wang, L. X. Zhang, J. F. Zhao, L. Ai, L. Yang, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2018, 51, 141.
- 87J. Q. Wang, J. F. Zhao, M. J. Yang, Y. H. Li, W. G. Liu, Y. C. Song, Fuel 2015, 145, 170.
- 88Y. Jin, J. Hayashi, J. Nagao, K. Suzuki, H. Minagawa, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2007, 46, 3159.
- 89J. Nagao, Y. Jin, J. Hayashi, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, J. Jpn Assoc. Pet. Technol. 2011, 74, 290.
10.3720/japt.74.290 Google Scholar
- 90S. Jin, S. Takeya, J. Hayashi, J. Nagao, Y. Kamata, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2004, 43, 5673.
- 91J. Q. Wang, J. F. Zhao, Y. Zhang, D. Y. Wang, Y. H. Li, Y. C. Song, Fuel 2016, 163, 34.
- 92M. M. Murshed, S. A. Klapp, F. Enzmann, T. Szeder, T. Huthwelker, M. Stampanoni, F. Marone, C. Hintermuller, G. Bohrmann, W. F. Kuhs, M. Kersten, Geophys. Res. Lett. 2008, 35, L23612.
- 93X. Y. Chen, D. N. Espinoza, Fuel 2018, 214, 614.
- 94G. W. Hu, C. F. Li, Y. G. Ye, C. L. Liu, J. Zhang, S. B. Diao, Chinese J. Geophys. 2014, 57, 1675.
- 95P. Kerkar, K. W. Jones, R. Kleinberg, W. B. Lindquist, S. Tomov, H. Feng, D. Mahajan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 95, 024102.
- 96M. Schindler, M. L. Batzle, M. Prasad, Geophys. Prospect. 2017, 65, 1025.
- 97X. H. Ta, T. S. Yun, B. Muhunthan, T. H. Kwon, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2015, 16, 912.
- 98L. Yang, J. F. Zhao, W. G. Liu, Y. H. Li, M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Energy Fuels 2015, 29, 4835.
- 99Q. B. Wu, Y. B. Pu, G. L. Jiang, L. L. Xing, Nat. Gas Geosci. 2006, 17, 239.
- 100G. L. Jiang, Q. B. Wu, Y. B. Pu, L. L. Xing, Nat. Gas Geosci. 2005, 16, 814.
- 101Y. Jin, J. Nagao, J. Hayashi, W. Shimada, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 17253.
- 102T. J. Kneafsey, L. Tomutsa, C. E. Taylor, A. Gupta, G. Moridis, B. Freifeld, Y. Seol, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2005, 56, 108.
- 103T. J. Kneafsey, L. Tomutsa, G. J. Moridis, Y. Seol, B. M. Freifeld, C. E. Taylor, A. Gupta, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2005, 56, 108.
- 104T. J. Kneafsey, L. Tomutsa, G. J. Moridis, Y. Seol, B. M. Freifeld, C. E. Taylor, A. Gupta, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2007, 56, 108.
- 105C. F. Li, G. W. Hu, Y. G. Ye, C. L. Liu, J. Cheng, L. K. Zhang, R. E. Zheng, J. Optoelectron. Laser 2013, 3, 551.
- 106Q. B. Wu, Y. B. Pu, G. L. Jiang, Y. S. Deng, L. L. Xing, X. T. Feng, J. Glaciol. Geocryol. 2006, 28, 122.
- 107B. M. Freifeld, T. J. Timothy, in Advances in the Study of Gas Hydrates, Springer, Boston 2004, pp. 227–238.
10.1007/0-306-48645-8_15 Google Scholar
- 108J. Mikami, Y. Masuda, T. Uchida, T. Satoh, H. Takeda, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2000, 912, 1011.
- 109H. Ohno, H. Narita, J. Nagao, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 201.
- 110Q. B. Wu, Y. B. Pu, G. L. Jiang, Prog. Nat. Sci. 2006, 16, 61.
10.1080/10020070612330136 Google Scholar
- 111G. J. Moridis, Y. Seol, T. J. Kneafsey, Studies of Reaction Kinetics of Methane Hydrate Dissocation in Porous Media, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California, USA 2005.
- 112T. J. Kneafsey, Y. Seol, L. Tomutsa, SPE J. 2010, 16, 78.
- 113Y. B. Pu, Q. B. Wu, G. L. Jiang, Adv. Earth Sci. 2007, 22, 362.
- 114A. Gupta, G. J. Moridis, T. J. Kneafsey, E. D. Sloan, Energy Fuels 2009, 23, 5958
- 115Y. S. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, D. X. Shi, Z. C. Feng, W. G. Liang, D. Yang, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2016, 31, 139.
- 116A. Bahr, T. Pape, F. Abegg, G. Bohrmann, T. van Weering, M. K. Ivanov, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2010, 27, 1819.
- 117J. Yoneda, M. Hyodo, N. Yoshimoto, Y. Nakata, A. Kato, Soils Found. 2013, 53, 774.
- 118M. Hyodo, Y. Nakata, N. Yoshimoto, R. Orense, J. Yoneda, in AIP Conf. Proc. 1145 2009, p. 79.
- 119Y. B. Pu, L. L. Xing, Q. B. Wu, Y. S. Deng, Comput. Tomogr. Theory Appl. 2005, 14, 54.
- 120J. H. Choi, Y. Seol, R. Boswell, R. Juanes, Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38, L17310.
- 121S. Takeya, K. Honda, T. Kawamura, Y. Yamamoto, A. Yoneyama, Y. Hirai, K. Hyodo, T. Takeda, Appl. Phys Lett. 2007, 90, 081920.
- 122S. Takeya, A. Yoneyama, K. Ueda, K. Hyodo, T. Takeda, H. Mimachi, M. Takahshi, T. Iwasaki, K. Sano, H. Yamawaki, Y. Gotoh, J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 16193.
- 123D. Wildenschild, A. P. Sheppard, Adv. Water Resour. 2013, 51, 217.
- 124B. J. Ryu, T. S. Collett, M. Riedel, G. Y. Kim, J. H. Chun, J. J. Bahk, J. Y. Lee, J. H. Kim, D. G. Yoo, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2013, 47, 1.
- 125C. F. Li, G. W. Hu, C. L. Liu, Y. G. Ye, R. E. Zheng, Trop. Oceanogr. 2012, 31, 93
- 126K. Suzuki, P. Schultheiss, Y. Nakatsuka, T. Ito, K. Egawa, M. Holland, K. Yamamoto, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2015, 66, 346.
- 127K. K. Rose, J. E. Johnson, M. E. Torres, W. L. Hong, L. Giosan, E. A. Solomon, M. Kastner, T. Cawthern, P. E. Long, H. T. Schaef, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2014, 58, 99.
- 128Y. Wang, J. C. Feng, X. S. Li, Y. Zhang, Z. Y. Chen, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2018, 118, 1115.
- 129R. Chatterjee, D. K. Singha, M. Ojha, M. K. Sen, K. Sain, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2016, 33, 56.
- 130J. Siažik, M. Malcho, Procedia Eng. 2017, 192, 782.
- 131S. X. Li, Z. Q. Wang, X. H. Xu, R. Y. Zheng, J. Hou, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2017, 46, 555.
- 132W. Zhang, J. Q. Liang, J. A. Lu, J. G. Wei, P. B. Su, Y. X. Fang, Y. Q. Guo, S. X. Yang, G. X. Zhang, Pet. Explor. Dev. 2017, 44, 708.
10.1016/S1876-3804(17)30082-4 Google Scholar
- 133N. Satyavani, K. Sain, H. K. Gupta, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2016, 33, 908.
- 134T. Pape, A. Bahr, S. A. Klapp, F Abegg, G Bohrmann, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 307, 35.
- 135P. Schultheiss, M. Holland, J. Roberts, in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008), Vancouver, BC, Canada 2008.
- 136J. F. Zhao, Z. Fan, B. Wang, H. S. Dong, Y. Liu, Y. C. Song, Appl. Energy 2016, 168, 25
- 137B. Wang, P. Huo, T. T. Luo, F. L. Z. Fan, B. Xiao Liu, M. J. Yang, J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Energies 2017, 10, 531.
- 138B. Wang, Z. Fan, P. F. Lv, J. F. Zhao, Y. C. Song, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2017, 110, 142.
- 139X. H. Wang, J. S. Sun, L. Y. Jiang, Y. F. Sun, C. Y. Sun, G. J. Chen, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2016, 147, 451.
- 140L. Yang, J. F. Zhao, B. Wang, W. G. Liu, M. J. Yang, Y. C. Song, Fuel 2016, 179, 87.
- 141P. Bhade, J. Phirani, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2015, 26, 1549.
- 142Y. Konno, J. Yoneda, K. Egawa, T. Ito, Y. Jin, M. Kida, K. Suzuki, T. Fujii, J. Nagao, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2015, 66, 487.
- 143A. Fukumoto, K. Kamada, T. Sato, H. Oyama, H. Torii, F. Kiyono, J. Nagao, N. Temma, H. Narita, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2018, 50, 269.
- 144A. Johnson, S. Patil, A. Dandekar, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2011, 28, 419.
- 145J. Katagiri, Y. Konno, J. Yoneda, N. Tenma, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2017, 45, 537.
- 146H. F. Liang, Y. C. Song, Y. J. Chen, Energy Convers. Manage. 2010, 51, 1883.
- 147E. A. Kolchanova, T. P. Lyubimova, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2016, 98, 329.
- 148G. Y. Kim, B. Narantsetseg, B. J. Ryu, D. G. Yoo, J. Y. Lee, H. S. Kim, M. Riedel, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2013, 47, 182.
- 149J. Behseresht, S. L. Bryant, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 341–344, 114.
- 150L. A. Stern, T. D. Lorenson, J. C. Pinkston, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2011, 28, 394.
- 151F. Abegg, G. Bohrmann, J. Freitag, W. F. Kuhs, Geo-Mar. Lett. 2007, 27, 269.
- 152H. Liu, X. Jin, B. Ding, Pet. Explor. Dev. 2016, 43, 1107.
- 153Y. C. Song, M. J. Yang, Y. Liu, Nat. Gas Ind. 2008, 28, 111.
- 154L. A. Stern, T. D. Lorenson, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2014, 58, 206.
- 155F. Abegg, H. J. Hohnberg, T. Pape, G. Bohrmann, J. Freitag, Deep Sea Res., Part I 2008, 55, 1590.
- 156V. Cnudde, M. N. Boone, Earth Sci. Rev. 2013, 123, 1.
- 157A. Gupta, T. J. Kneafse, G. J. Moridis, Y. Seol, M. B. Kowalsky, E. D. Sloan, J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 16384.
- 158J. Yoneda, A. Masui, Y. Konno, Y. Jin, M. Kida, J. Katagiri, J. Nagao, N. Tenma, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2017, 86, 1.
- 159S. Iglauer, M. Lebedev, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2018, 256, 393.
- 160J. F. Zhao, L. Yang, Y. Liu, Y. C. Song, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 22632.
- 161M. Chaouachi, A. Falenty, K. Sell, F. Enzmann, M. Kersten, D. Haberthür, W. F. Kuhs, Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 2015, 16, 1711.
- 162V. S. Shagapov, N. G. Musakaev, M. K. Khasanov, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2015, 84, 1030.
- 163S. Arzbacher, J. Petrasch, A. Ostermann, T. Loerting, Materials 2016, 9, 668.
- 164Y. B. Wang, T. Uchida, F. Westferro, M. L. Rivers, N. Nishiyama, J. Gebhardt, C. E. Lesher, S. R. Sutton, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2005, 76, 073709.
- 165T. J. Kneafsey, G. J. Moridis, Mar. Pet. Geol. 2014, 58, 526.
- 166B. M. Freifeld, T. J. Kneafsey, L. Yomutsa, L. A. Stern, S. H. Kirby, Use of computed X-ray tomographic data for analyzing the thermodynamics of a dissociating porous sand/hydrate mixture. Office of Scientific & Technical Information Technical Reports, 2002.
- 167G. L. Jiang, Q. P. Wu, Y. B. Pu, L. L. Xing, J. Glaciol. Geocryol. 2009, 31, 96.
- 168T. Uchida, T. Tsuji, Resour. Geol. 2004, 54, 79.
- 169P. B. Kerkar, K. Horvat, K. W. Jones, D. Mahajan, Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 2014, 15, 4759.
Citing Literature
