Optical computed tomography for biomedical objects based on coherent detection imaging method
Masahiro Toida
INABA Biophoton Project, Research Development Corporation of Japan, Sendai, Japan 982
Masahiro Toida graduated in 1980 from the Dept. Appl. Phys., Fac. Eng., Tokyo University of Agr. Eng., and affiliated with Jap. Infrared Indust. Co. He is engaged in the development of medical laser equipment and research on optical biological measurement. Since 1988, he has been involved in the Inaba biological photon project at the New Eng. Dev. Org. Presently, he is engaged in research and development of optical CT, as Researcher. He is a member of the Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys. and the Jap. Soc. MEBE.
Search for more papers by this authorTsutomu Ichimura
INABA Biophoton Project, Research Development Corporation of Japan, Sendai, Japan 982
Makoto Kondo graduated in 1989 from the Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Tohoku University, where he is presently in the Master's program. He is engaged in research on biological measurement by laser. He is a member of the Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys.
Search for more papers by this authorMakoto Kondo
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 980
Tsutomu Ichimura obtained a Dr. of Eng. degree in 1972 in Electronic Eng. from Tohoku University. In 1973 he affiliated with the Jap. Spectroscopy Indust. Co. and engaged in development of spectroscopy systems. Since Oct. 1986 he has been affiliated with INABA Biophoton Project, Res. Dev. Corp., Jap., engaged in biophoton research. He is a member of Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys.
Search for more papers by this authorHumio Inaba
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 980
Fumio Inaba graduated in 1951 from the Dept. Geophys., Fac. Sci., Tohoku University, where he completed the graduate program as a Special Student. He has a Dr. of Eng. degree. He was an Assistant in 1957 and an Assoc. Prof. in 1961 at the Inst. Elect. Comm., Tohoku University. In 1965 he became a Prof. of Quantum Electronics, Res. Inst. Elect. Comm. Since 1990, he has been Director of the Institute. Since 1986, he has been Supervisor, INABA Biophoton Project, Res. Dev. Corp., Japan. He engaged throughout from the development of the laser and maser in research on quantum electronics and opto-electronics, emphasizing the laser nonlinear optics. He also engaged in research and development of biophotonics by applying the laser and weak light measurement techniques. Presently, he is Vice-president of I.E.I.C.E., Japan. He received the Inada Prize in 1959, the Okabe Prize in 1974, the Matsunaga Prize in 1972, the Yamaji Prize in 1975, the Shimazu Prize in 1985, and Paper Award in 1988 from I.E.I.C.E., Japan. He also received the Contr. Award in 1989 from the Laser Society and the Toray Sci. Tech. Prize in 1990. He is the co-author of Introduction to New Lasers; Laser Handbook; Laser Medicine; and other books. He is a Fellow of IEEE and the OSA.
Search for more papers by this authorMasahiro Toida
INABA Biophoton Project, Research Development Corporation of Japan, Sendai, Japan 982
Masahiro Toida graduated in 1980 from the Dept. Appl. Phys., Fac. Eng., Tokyo University of Agr. Eng., and affiliated with Jap. Infrared Indust. Co. He is engaged in the development of medical laser equipment and research on optical biological measurement. Since 1988, he has been involved in the Inaba biological photon project at the New Eng. Dev. Org. Presently, he is engaged in research and development of optical CT, as Researcher. He is a member of the Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys. and the Jap. Soc. MEBE.
Search for more papers by this authorTsutomu Ichimura
INABA Biophoton Project, Research Development Corporation of Japan, Sendai, Japan 982
Makoto Kondo graduated in 1989 from the Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Tohoku University, where he is presently in the Master's program. He is engaged in research on biological measurement by laser. He is a member of the Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys.
Search for more papers by this authorMakoto Kondo
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 980
Tsutomu Ichimura obtained a Dr. of Eng. degree in 1972 in Electronic Eng. from Tohoku University. In 1973 he affiliated with the Jap. Spectroscopy Indust. Co. and engaged in development of spectroscopy systems. Since Oct. 1986 he has been affiliated with INABA Biophoton Project, Res. Dev. Corp., Jap., engaged in biophoton research. He is a member of Jap. Soc. Appl. Phys.
Search for more papers by this authorHumio Inaba
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 980
Fumio Inaba graduated in 1951 from the Dept. Geophys., Fac. Sci., Tohoku University, where he completed the graduate program as a Special Student. He has a Dr. of Eng. degree. He was an Assistant in 1957 and an Assoc. Prof. in 1961 at the Inst. Elect. Comm., Tohoku University. In 1965 he became a Prof. of Quantum Electronics, Res. Inst. Elect. Comm. Since 1990, he has been Director of the Institute. Since 1986, he has been Supervisor, INABA Biophoton Project, Res. Dev. Corp., Japan. He engaged throughout from the development of the laser and maser in research on quantum electronics and opto-electronics, emphasizing the laser nonlinear optics. He also engaged in research and development of biophotonics by applying the laser and weak light measurement techniques. Presently, he is Vice-president of I.E.I.C.E., Japan. He received the Inada Prize in 1959, the Okabe Prize in 1974, the Matsunaga Prize in 1972, the Yamaji Prize in 1975, the Shimazu Prize in 1985, and Paper Award in 1988 from I.E.I.C.E., Japan. He also received the Contr. Award in 1989 from the Laser Society and the Toray Sci. Tech. Prize in 1990. He is the co-author of Introduction to New Lasers; Laser Handbook; Laser Medicine; and other books. He is a Fellow of IEEE and the OSA.
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
This paper summarizes a series of studies aiming at realization of computed tomography imaging (CT) by laser beam for actual in vitro biological samples, which is the first successful trial achieved in the world. The method is realized first by image reconstruction, which detects and selects only the weak transmitted light component buried in stronger multiple scattered light, using the optical heterodyne detection with a very high directivity and sensitivity. This is called coherent detection imaging (CDI).
To realize the optical CT using the laser light based on the projection theorem, the following three conditions should essentially be satisfied:
- 1
(1) The direct-transmitted light component in the biological system with multiple scattering should accurately be selected and detected.
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(2) The Lambert-Beer law should be applied to the selectively detected direct-transmitted light component.
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(3) There must exist a direct-transmitted light component in the medium with complex distribution of refraction index as well as complex boundaries. The authors examined the medium in which the sample is buried and cannot be observed, not only by the naked eye but also by the traditional direct detection method. It was verified experimentally that the three conditions for the realization of the optical CT are applicable, and it was demonstrated that optical CT imaging is feasible for actual samples using the CDI method.
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