Volume 11, Issue 2 pp. 262-275
Research Article

Limonoids with an Oxygen Bridge between C(1) and C(29) from the Seeds of a Krishna Mangrove, Xylocarpus granatum

Min-Yi Li

Corresponding Author

Min-Yi Li

Marine Drugs Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China (phone: +86-20-85222377; fax: +86-20-85224766)

Marine Drugs Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China (phone: +86-20-85222377; fax: +86-20-85224766)Search for more papers by this author
Qiang Xiao

Qiang Xiao

Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China

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Tirumani Satyanandamurty

Tirumani Satyanandamurty

Government Degree College at Amadala valasa, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh 532185, India

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Jun Wu

Corresponding Author

Jun Wu

Marine Drugs Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China (phone: +86-20-85222377; fax: +86-20-85224766)

Marine Drugs Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China (phone: +86-20-85222377; fax: +86-20-85224766)Search for more papers by this author
First published: 13 February 2014
Citations: 15

Abstract

Ten limonoids, named granatumins L–U (110, resp.), were isolated from the seeds of an Indian mangrove, Xylocarpus granatum, collected in the estuary of Krishna, Andhra Pradesh. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. The relative configuration of granatumin L (1) was confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Granatumins L–T (19, resp.) belong to the small group of limonoids with an oxygen bridge between C(1) and C(29), while granatumin U (10) is a 28-Me-oxidized mexicanolide. This is the first report of limonoids with an O-bridge between C(1) and C(29) from the Indian X. granatum. The pronounced structural diversity of limonoids from this mangrove might originate from environmental factors.

Graphical Abstract

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