Synthesis of poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite waterborne nanocomposite via semibatch emulsion polymerization
Corresponding Author
Alican Vatansever
TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Chemistry Institute, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
Correspondence to: A. Vatansever (E-mail: [email protected]) and T. Y. Inan (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Tulay Y. Inan
Saudi Aramco, PO BOX 5074, Dhahran, 31311 Saudi Arabia
Correspondence to: A. Vatansever (E-mail: [email protected]) and T. Y. Inan (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorHacer Dogan
TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Chemistry Institute, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorAhmet Sirkecioglu
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Ayazaga, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Alican Vatansever
TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Chemistry Institute, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
Correspondence to: A. Vatansever (E-mail: [email protected]) and T. Y. Inan (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Tulay Y. Inan
Saudi Aramco, PO BOX 5074, Dhahran, 31311 Saudi Arabia
Correspondence to: A. Vatansever (E-mail: [email protected]) and T. Y. Inan (E-mail: [email protected])Search for more papers by this authorHacer Dogan
TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Chemistry Institute, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorAhmet Sirkecioglu
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Ayazaga, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorABSTRACT
Poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate)-montmorillonite (MMT) waterborne nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by semibatch emulsion polymerization. The syntheses of the nanocomposites were performed in presence of sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) and organically modified montmorillonite (O-MMT). O-MMT was used directly after the modification of Na-MMT with dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride. Both Na-MMT and O-MMT were sonified to obtain nanocomposites with 47 wt % solids and 3 wt % Na-MMT or O-MMT content. Average particle sizes of Na-MMT nanocomposites were measured as 110–150 nm while O-MMT nanocomposites were measured as 200–350 nm. Both Na-MMT and O-MMT increased thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeability) of the pristine copolymer explicitly. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope studies show that exfoliated morphology was obtained. The gloss values of O-MMT nanocomposites were found to be higher than that of the pristine copolymer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42373.
REFERENCES
- 1 Kojima, Y.; Usuki, A.; Kawasumi, M.; Okada, A.; Kurauchi, T.; Kamigaito, O. J. Polym. Sci., Part A-1: Polym. Chem. 1993, 31, 983.
- 2 Giannelis, E. P. Adv. Mater. 1996, 8, 29.
- 3 Gilman, J. W.; Jackson, C. L.; Morgan, A. B.; Harris, R. H.; Manias, E.; Giannelis, E. P.; Wuthenow, M.; Hilton, D.; Phillips, S. H. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 1866.
- 4 Okada, A.; Usuki, A. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2006, 291, 1449.
- 5 Nguyen, Q. T.; Baird, D. G. Polymer 2007, 48, 6923.
- 6 Alexandre, M.; Dubois, P. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2000, 28, 1.
- 7 Haraguchi, K.; Takada, T. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2014, 215, 295.
- 8 Haraguchi, K.; Farnworth, R.; Ohbayashi, A.; Takehisa, T. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 5732.
- 9 Huang, X.; Brittain, W. J. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 3255.
- 10 Nobel, M. L.; Picken, S. J.; Mendes, E. Prog. Org. Coat. 2007, 58, 96.
- 11 Lee, D. C.; Jang, L. W. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1996, 61, 1117.
- 12 Noh, M. H.; Lee, D. C. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1999, 74, 2811.
- 13 Noh, M. H.; Jang, L. W.; Lee, D. C. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1999, 74, 179.
- 14 Noh, M. H.; Lee, D. C. Polym. Bull. 1999, 42, 619.
- 15 Jang, L. W.; Kang, C. M.; Lee, D. C. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2001, 39, 719.
- 16 Choi, Y. S.; Choi, M. H.; Wang, K. H.; Kim, S. O.; Kim, Y. K.; Chung, I. J. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 8978.
- 17 Choi, Y. S.; Wang, K. H.; Xu, M.; Chung, I. J. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 2936.
- 18 Kim, Y. K.; Choi, Y. S.; Wang, K. H.; Chung, I. J. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 4990.
- 19 Choi, Y. S.; Xu, M.; Chung, I. J. Polymer 2005, 46, 531.
- 20 Yeh, J. M.; Liou, S. J.; Lai, M. C.; Chang, Y. W.; Huang, C. Y.; Chen, C. P.; Jaw, J. H.; Tsai, T. Y.; Yu, Y. H. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2004, 94, 1936.
- 21 Li, H.; Yu, Y.; Yang, Y. Eur. Polym. J. 2005, 41, 2016.
- 22 Park, B. J.; Choi, H. J. Solid State Phenom. 2006, 111, 187.
- 23 Wang, T.; Wang, M.; Zhang, Z.; Ge, X.; Fang, Y. Mater. Lett. 2006, 60, 2544.
- 24 Meneghetti, P.; Qutubuddin, S. Langmuir 2004, 20, 3424.
- 25 Asua, J. M. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2002, 27, 1283.
- 26 Houillot, L.; Nicola, J.; Save, M.; Charleux, B. Langmuir 2005, 21, 6726.
- 27
Mouran, D.;
Reimers, J.;
Schork, F. J. J. Polym. Sci., Part A-1: Polym. Chem. 1996, 34, 1073.
10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19960430)34:6<1073::AID-POLA16>3.0.CO;2-4 CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
- 28 Cauvin, S.; Colver, P. J.; Bon, S. A. F. Macromolecules 2005, 38, 7887.
- 29 Sun, Q.; Deng, Y.; Wang, Z. L. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2004, 289, 288.
- 30 Moraes, R. P.; Valera, T. S.; Demarquette, N. R.; Oliveira, P. C.; Da Silva, M. L. C. P.; Santos, A. M. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009, 112, 1949.
- 31 Khezri, K.; Asl, V. H.; Mamaqani, H. R.; Kalajahi, M. S. J. Polym. Eng. 2012, 32, 111.
- 32 Khezri, K.; Asl, V. H.; Mamaqani, H. R.; Kalajahi, M. S. J. Polym. Res. 2012, 19, 1.
- 33 Li, D.; Zhang, M.; Wang, G.; Xing, S. New J. Chem. 2014, 38, 2348.
- 34 Diaconu, G.; Asua, J. M.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, J. R. Macromol. Symp. 2007, 259, 305.
- 35 Diaconu, G.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, Macromol. React. Eng. 2008, 2, 80.
- 36 Diaconu, G.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, Polymer 2008, 49, 2444.
- 37 Chanda, M. Introduction to Polymer Science and Chemistry: A Problem-Solving Approach, 2nd ed.; CRC Press: USA, 2013, Chapter 11, pp 592.
- 38 Chern, C. S. In Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science: Polymerization of Monomer Emulsions, 2nd ed.; P. Somasundaran, Ed.; CRC Press: USA, 2006, Vol. 6, pp 4990.
- 39
Chern, C. S. Principles and Applications of Emulsion Polymerization; John Wiley & Sons: New Jersey, 2008, Chapter 5, pp 145.
10.1002/9780470377949 Google Scholar
- 40 Kiersnowski, A.; M. Wlazlak, T.; Dolega, J.; Piglowski, J. e-Polym. 2006, 6, 912.
- 41 Yilmaz, O.; Cheaburu, C. N.; Durraccio, D.; Gulumser, G.; Vasile, C. Appl. Clay Sci. 2010, 49, 288.
- 42 Diaconu, G.; Micusik, M.; Bonnefond, A.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, J. R. Macromolecules 2009, 42, 3316.
- 43 Zhang, Z.; Zhao, N.; Wei, W.; Wu, D.; Sun, Y. Studies in Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 2005, 156, 529.
- 44 Micusik, M.; Bonnefond, A.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, J. R. Eur. Polym. J. 2012, 48, 896.
- 45 Mirzataheri, M.; Mahdavian, A. R.; Atai, M. Colloid Polym. Sci. 2009, 287, 725.
- 46 Mirzataheri, M.; Mahdavian, A. R.; Atai, Polym. Int. 2011, 60, 613.
- 47 Reyes, Y.; Peruzzo, P. J.; Fernandez, M.; Paulis, M.; Leiza, J. R. Langmuir 2013, 29, 9849.
- 48 Vyazovkin, S.; Dranca, I.; Advincula, R. J Phys Chem B 2004, 108, 11672.
- 49 Jang, B. Z. Advanced Polymer Composites: Principles and Applications; ASM International: Materials Park, OH, 1994.
- 50 Samakande, A.; Sanderson, R. D.; Hartmann, P. C. Polymer 2009, 50, 42.
- 51 Sirapanichart, S.; Monvisade, P.; Siriphannon, P.; Nukeaw, J. Iran. Polym. J. 2011, 20, 803.
- 52 Ning, W.; Xingxiang, Z.; Na, H.; Shihe, B. Carbohydr. Polym. 2009, 76, 68.
- 53 Dean, K.; Yu, L.; Wu,D. Y. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2007, 67, 413.
- 54 Chivrac, F.; Pollet, E.; Schmutz, M.; Averous, L. Biomacromolecules 2008, 9, 896.
- 55 Zhang, J. P.; Wang, A. Q. Express Polym. Lett. 2009, 3, 302.
- 56 Okamoto, M. Encycl. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2004, 8, 791.
- 57 Inceoglu, F.; Dalgicdir, C.; Menceloglu, Y. Z. Effect of Organoclay on the Physical Properties of UV-Curable Coatings, ACS Symposium Series 1008; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2009; p 270.
- 58 Tarablsi, B.; Delaite, C.; Brendle, J.; Barghorn, C. C. Nanomaterials 2012, 2, 413.
- 59 Doah, J. G. (Rohm and Haas Co.). World Patent WO03033559, April 3, 2003.
- 60 Zafar, F.; Zafar, H.; Sharmin, E. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 1.
- 61 Das, G.; Karak, N. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2009, 94, 1948.
- 62 Garea, S. A.; Iovu, H. Prog. Org. Coat. 2006, 56, 319.
Citing Literature
August 20, 2015
