Article
Full Access
Prediction of polymer densities
D. W. Van Krevelen,
P. J. Hoftyzer,
D. W. Van Krevelen
Algemene Kunstizijde Unie N. V. (AKU), Arnhem, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorP. J. Hoftyzer
Algemene Kunstizijde Unie N. V. (AKU), Arnhem, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorD. W. Van Krevelen,
P. J. Hoftyzer,
D. W. Van Krevelen
Algemene Kunstizijde Unie N. V. (AKU), Arnhem, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorP. J. Hoftyzer
Algemene Kunstizijde Unie N. V. (AKU), Arnhem, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
A method is proposed for predicting the density of a linear, amorphous polymer. The method is based on the additivity of group increments for the molar volume of a polymer unit. It is analogous to the published methods for predicting the molar volume of organic liquids. The method may be improved as additional experimental values on polymer densities become available.
References
- 1 J. Brandrup and E. H. Immergut, Eds., Polymer Handbook, Interscience, New York, 1966, pp. III-3/31.
- 2
O. G. Lewis,
Physical Constants of Linear Homopolymers,
Springer, Berlin,
1968.
10.1007/978-3-642-46112-5 Google Scholar
- 3 J. Traube, Ber. dtsch. Chem. Ges., 28, 2722 (1895).
- 4 G. Le Bas, The Molecular Volumes of Liquid Chemical Compounds, Longmans, London, 1915.
- 5 H. G. Davis and S. Gottlieb, Fuel, 42, 37 (1963).
- 6 E. K. Harrison, Fuel, 44, 339 (1965); Fuel, 45, 397 (1966).
- 7 O. Exner, Collection Czech. Chem. Comm., 32, 1 (1967).
- 8 A. E. Rheineck and K. F. Lin, paper presented at 156th Meeting, American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, September 1968.
- 9 V. M. Tatevskii, V. A. Benderskii, and S. S. Yarovoi, Rules and Methods for Calculating the Physico-chemical Properties of Paraffinic Hydrocarbons, Pergamon Press, London, 1961.
- 10 D. W. van Krevelen and H. A. G. Chermin, Fuel, 33, 79 (1954).
- 11 J. H. Perry, Chemical Engineers' Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York, 4th ed., 1963.
- 12 R. S. Porter and J. F. Johnson, in U.S.–Japan Seminar in Polymer Physics, (J. Polym. Sci. C, 15), R. S. Stein and S. Onogi, Eds., Interscience, New York, 1966, p. 373.
- 13 S. S. Kurtz and M. R. Lipkin, Ind. Eng. Chem., 33, 779 (1941).
- 14 K. van Nes and H. A. van Westen, Aspects of the Constitution of Mineral Oils, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1951.
- 15 R. Simha and S. T. Hadden, J. Chem. Phys., 25, 702 (1956).
- 16
H. Bestion,
Angew. Chem.,
80, 304
(1968).
10.1002/ange.19680800803 Google Scholar
- 17 J. M. Crissman, J. A. Sauer, and A. E. Woodward, J. Polym. Sci. A, 2, 5075 (1964).
- 18 H. Doffin, W. Pungs, and R. Gabler, Kunststoffe, 56, 542 (1966).
- 19 M. Genas, Angew. Chem., 74, 535 (1962).
- 20 R. Graf, G. Lohaus, and K. Börner, Angew. Chem., 74, 523 (1962).
- 21 R. Kaneko, Y. Kitazaki, and K. I. Sakuma, Kobunski Kagaku, 24, 459 (1967).
- 22 T. Kawaguchi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2, 56 (1959).
- 23 Y. Kinoshita, Makromol. Chem., 33, 1 (1959).
- 24 S. Kobayashi, H. Tadokoro, and Y. Chatani, Makromol. Chem., 112, 225 (1968).
- 25 J. Lal. and G. S. Trick, J. Polym. Sci. A, 2, 4559 (1964).
- 26 H. F. Mark and S. M. Atlas, Chem. Eng., 68, 25, 143 (1961).
- 27 N. G. McCrum, B. E. Read, and G. Williams, Anelastic and Dielectric Effects in Polymeric Solids, Wiley, New York, 1967.
- 28 A. Mùller and R. Pflùger, Plastics, 24, 263, 350 (1959).
- 29 J. Pellon and W. G. Carpenter, J. Polym. Sci. A, 1, 863 (1963).
- 30 J. P. Pied, Ann. Chim, 469 (1960).
- 31 K. Saotome and H. Komoto, J. Polym. Sci. A-2, 4, 1463 (1966).
- 32 F. L. Saunders, J. Polym. Sci. A-1, 5, 2189 (1967).
- 33 F. J. Spencer, Hydrocarbon Proc., 45, 7, 83 (1966).
- 34 A. Bondi, Physical Properties of Molecular Crystals, Liquids, and Glasses, Wiley, New York, 1968, p. 453.