Early View e202504426
Research Article

Electron-Delocalized Cu2+ Activates Spin Channels in Spinel Oxides to Selectively Produce 1O2 for Wastewater Treatment

Le-Yang Hao

Le-Yang Hao

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

Both authors contributed equally to this work.

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Zi-Jun Tang

Zi-Jun Tang

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

Both authors contributed equally to this work.

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Chu-Yi Cai

Chu-Yi Cai

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

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Yu-Chen Zhao

Yu-Chen Zhao

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

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Dr. Lei Tian

Corresponding Author

Dr. Lei Tian

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

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Prof. Nan Li

Prof. Nan Li

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

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Prof. Zhao-Qing Liu

Corresponding Author

Prof. Zhao-Qing Liu

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

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First published: 25 June 2025

Graphical Abstract

This work proposes an electron-delocalized strategy to unlock FeTd2+─O─FeOh3+ spin channel, inducing intermolecular electron transfer of two PMS for selective 1O2 generation. The directed electron transfer behavior not only maintains the catalyst stability, but also immensely reduces the 1O2 generation energy barrier and improves the PMS utilization.

Abstract

Blocked electron transfer in the catalyst during advanced oxidation processes causes sluggish singlet oxygen (1O2) generation efficiency and sacrifices catalyst stability. In this work, we propose an electron-delocalization strategy that unlocks ATd2+─O─BOh3+ electron-transfer pathways within spinel oxide (Cu0.8Fe2.2O4), inducing the intermolecular electron transfer of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for selective 1O2 generation. In situ characterizations and theoretical calculations confirm that the electron-delocalized Cu2+ triggers a high spin-state of O in FeTd2+─O─FeOh3+, thus creating a spin channel for the spontaneous intermolecular electron transfer of PMS from the FeOh3+ adsorption site to the FeTd2+ adsorption site through FeTd2+─O─FeOh3+. This process allows for the simultaneous oxidation and reduction of PMS, thereby reducing the energy barriers for the formation of SO4•− and SO5•− radicals. Subsequently, the interfacial SO4•− rapidly oxidizes SO5•− into 1O2, enhancing 1O2 generation efficiency without sacrificing catalyst stability. The selectivity of 1O2 in the Cu0.8Fe2.2O4/PMS system reaches 98.4%. Multiple pollutants are removed in the Cu0.8Fe2.2O4/PMS system without interference from coexisting substances. The scale-up experiment realizes 100% contaminant removal during the continuous operation process (48 h). This work exhibits a novel strategy for selective 1O2 generation to achieve the goal of practical applications.

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available in the Supporting Information of this article.

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