Synthesis of Tri- and Difluoromethoxylated Compounds by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis
Johnny W. Lee
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Katarzyna N. Lee
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Dr. Ming-Yu Ngai
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohnny W. Lee
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDr. Katarzyna N. Lee
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Prof. Dr. Ming-Yu Ngai
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794 USA
Search for more papers by this authorDedicated to Professor Amir Hoveyda on the occasion of his 60th birthday
Graphical Abstract
Illuminating OCF3 and OCF2H: Tri- and difluoromethyl ethers are privileged moieties in the realm of medicinal chemistry and are found in marketed pharmaceuticals and agrichemicals. The recent advances in visible-light photocatalytic synthesis of these moieties will likely render their introduction routine as a part of drug design and drug discovery processes.
Abstract
Trifluoromethoxy (OCF3) and difluoromethoxy (OCF2H) groups are fluorinated structural motifs that exhibit unique physicochemical characteristics. Incorporation of these substituents into organic molecules is a highly desirable approach used in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery processes to alter the properties of a parent compound. Recently, tri- and difluoromethyl ethers have received increasing attention and several innovative strategies to access these valuable functional groups have been developed. The focus of this Minireview is the use of visible-light photoredox catalysis in the synthesis of tri- and difluoromethyl ethers. Recent photocatalytic strategies for the formation of O−CF3, C−OCF3, O−CF2H, and C−OCF2H bonds as well as other transformations leading to the construction of ORF groups are discussed herein.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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