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Boosting Performance of Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Ion Batteries via Zincophilic Solubilization

Yifan Wang

Yifan Wang

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026 P.R. China

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Weilin Yan

Weilin Yan

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026 P.R. China

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Xuejun Zhu

Xuejun Zhu

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026 P.R. China

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Jinghao Li

Jinghao Li

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China

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Prof. Zhaoqian Li

Corresponding Author

Prof. Zhaoqian Li

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Hong Zhang

Corresponding Author

Hong Zhang

Hebei Computational Optical Imaging and Photoelectric Detection Technology Innovation Center, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Computational Optical Imaging and Intelligent Sensing, School of Mathematics and Physics Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan, 056038 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Yingke Ren

Yingke Ren

College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018 P.R. China

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Lie Mo

Lie Mo

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

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Prof. Yang Huang

Prof. Yang Huang

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

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Prof. Lei Zhang

Corresponding Author

Prof. Lei Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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Prof. Linhua Hu

Corresponding Author

Prof. Linhua Hu

Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026 P.R. China

Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, CAS, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031 P.R. China

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

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First published: 12 June 2025

Abstract

Hydrogel electrolytes hold great promise in tackling severe issues facing aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, to satisfy the quest of flexible and eco-friendly batteries, developing low-cost and high mechanical durability hydrogel electrolyte remains a challenge. Here, employing the zincophilic solubilizer urea, we break the classical concentration limits of the low-cost Zn(Ac)2 salt and introduce it into the hydrogel skeleton. The “salting out” effect give the polymer chain sediments a tighter bundle and twist effect. The as-formed hydrogel electrolyte can endure 557% high elongation and 3.7 MPa compressive strength to resist repeated zinc plating/striping process and external physical stimuli. The in situ polyurea solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer leads to thermodynamically stable anode/electrolyte interface. Utilizing the hydrogel electrolyte, the zinc anode shows high reversibility, leading to an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.93% for 150 cycles on the Zn//Cu battery. When assembled with NH4V4O10 cathode (NVO), the full battery delivers a high capacity of 253.8 mAh g−1 beyond 1000 cycles longevity at 1 A g−1. The pouch battery also shows a high capacity of 280.7 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 and operate steadily for 90.13% retention after 200 cycles, and maintained a stable voltage even experienced bending and folding.

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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