Long-cycling and High-voltage Solid State Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Fluorinated and Crosslinked Polyether Electrolytes
Jie Zhu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorRuiqi Zhao
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorJinping Zhang
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorXingchen Song
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorJie Liu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorNuo Xu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongtao Zhang
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiangjian Wan
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xinyi Ji
School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350 China E-mail: s
Search for more papers by this authorYanfeng Ma
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorChenxi Li
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yongsheng Chen
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorJie Zhu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorRuiqi Zhao
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorJinping Zhang
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorXingchen Song
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorJie Liu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorNuo Xu
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Hongtao Zhang
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiangjian Wan
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xinyi Ji
School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350 China E-mail: s
Search for more papers by this authorYanfeng Ma
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorChenxi Li
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Yongsheng Chen
The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs), constructed through the in situ fabrication of polymer electrolytes, are considered a critical strategy for the next-generation battery systems with high energy density and enhanced safety. However, the constrained oxidation stability of polymers, such as the extensively utilized polyethers, limits their applications in high-voltage batteries and further energy density improvements. Herein, an in situ fabricated fluorinated and crosslinked polyether-based gel polymer electrolyte, FGPE, is presented, exhibiting a high oxidation potential (5.1 V). The fluorinated polyether significantly improves compatibility with both lithium metal and high-voltage cathode, attributed to the electron-withdrawing −CF3 group and the generated LiF-rich electrolyte/electrode interphase. Consequently, the solid-state Li||LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 batteries employing FGPE demonstrate exceptional cycling performances of 1000 cycles with 78 % retention, representing one of the best results ever reported for polymer electrolytes. Moreover, FGPE enables batteries to operate at 4.7 V, realizing the highest operating voltage of polyether-based batteries to date. Notably, our designed in situ FGPE provides the solid-state batteries with exceptional cycling stability even at practical conditions, including high cathode loading (21 mg cm−2) and industry-level 18650-type cylindrical cells (1.3 Ah, 500 cycles). This work provides critical insights into the development of oxidation-stable polymer electrolytes and the advancement of practical high-voltage LMBs.
Conflict of interests
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.
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