Chapter 13
Optimizing Bioenergy from Diatoms through Biofilms
G. Saranya,
T.V. Ramachandra,
G. Saranya
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
Centre for Sustainable Technologies (ASTRA), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Search for more papers by this authorT.V. Ramachandra
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
Centre for Sustainable Technologies (ASTRA), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning (CiSTUP), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Search for more papers by this authorG. Saranya,
T.V. Ramachandra,
G. Saranya
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
Centre for Sustainable Technologies (ASTRA), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Search for more papers by this authorT.V. Ramachandra
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
Centre for Sustainable Technologies (ASTRA), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning (CiSTUP), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Vandana Vinayak,
Richard Gordon,
Vandana Vinayak
School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidhyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
Search for more papers by this authorRichard Gordon
Gulf Specimen Marine Lab & Aquarium, Florida, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 10 March 2025
Summary
The impetus for the exploration of environmentally friendly fuels during the past decade has increased with the concerns about escalating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the burning of fossil fuels and its associated climate change. In this regard, biofuel from algae, especially diatoms, is emerging as a viable liquid fuel alternative in transportation. Diatoms are metabolically versatile microorganisms with broad applicability as feedstock for aquaculture feed, biofuel, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical/cosmetic industries. The economic feasibility of diatom biofuel depends on minimizing the capital and operational costs involved in upstream and downstream bioprocessing of diatoms. Exploiting the biofilmforming potential of benthic diatoms for growing them in attached forms is emerging as a prudent cultivation technology for sustainable diatom biomass production. This chapter discusses various design considerations and optimization techniques useful for diatom cultivation using biofilm. The key areas to improve the performance of such engineered biosystems include the design, construction, and field validations of cultivation technologies. Various factors influencing diatom productivity, such as species selection, algal-bacterial interaction, volumetric mass transfer coefficient, and the oxygen transfer rate, are presented in this chapter. The concluding part discusses the scope for the valorization of diatom biomass for bioenergy and value-added bioproducts.
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