Two-dimensional nanomaterials are flattering a novel perception in the electrical, chemical, energy accumulator, and biomedical industries. Subsequently, with the innovation of graphene, scientists have endeavored to discover unique 2D nanomaterials. However, the investigation of 2D nanomaterials is still in its beginning, with most of the investigations emphasizing the interpretation of the description of exceptional material features with rare details aiming at the biomedical solicitation of 2D nanomaterials. Nanoscience and nanotechnology, and their extensive uses, have become widespread globally because nanomaterials have unusual and exceptional properties. The current progress in 2D nanomaterials has increased significantly, and breathtaking queries about their increased connections with biological moieties. A variety of 2D nanomaterials, including 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), layered silicates (nanoclays), and polymer nanoparticles have been examined for their potential biomedical applications. In this chapter, we explain the distinctive physical, chemical, and biomedical properties, distinctive properties that mark 2D nanoparticles as precious or important, practices recently exposed to nanomaterial synthesis, biomedical uses of 2D nanomaterials, and their use in the management of diseases such as cancer. We also emphasize state-of-the-art biomedical approaches to 2D nanomaterials, together with modern progress, which are influencing the following evolving sector.