US Cities in the Dark
Mapping Man-Made Carbon Dioxide Emissions Over the Contiguous US Using NASA's Black Marble Nighttime Lights Product
Tomohiro Oda
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMiguel O. Román
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorZhuosen Wang
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEleanor C. Stokes
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorQingsong Sun
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRanjay M. Shrestha
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSha Feng
Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorThomas Lauvaux
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ/IPSL, Université Paris-Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
Search for more papers by this authorRostyslav Bun
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
WSB University, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorShamil Maksyutov
Satellite Observation Center/Center for Global Environment Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSrija Chakraborty
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorIan Paynter
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorVirginia L. Kalb
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorTomohiro Oda
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMiguel O. Román
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorZhuosen Wang
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorEleanor C. Stokes
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorQingsong Sun
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRanjay M. Shrestha
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSha Feng
Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorThomas Lauvaux
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ/IPSL, Université Paris-Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
Search for more papers by this authorRostyslav Bun
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
WSB University, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorShamil Maksyutov
Satellite Observation Center/Center for Global Environment Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorSrija Chakraborty
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorIan Paynter
Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD, USA
Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorVirginia L. Kalb
Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorXiaojun Yang
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Nighttime lights (NTL) data are excellent indicators of the intensities of human activities. Over the past two decades, NTL data have been used to map values associated with human activities, and to study the spatial and temporal changes. Since 2012, an improved sensor, the Day/Night Band (DNB) low-light visible sensor of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP), has become available, which allows higher quality NTL data to be retrieved. The improved temporal frequency and spatial resolution of the data allow us to improve the accuracy of the analyses. This chapter presents the first man-made carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission map based on NASA's Black Marble NTL Product Suite (NBM) (VNP46). The performance of NBM as an estimator of man-made CO 2 emissions is examined in comparison to previous NTL and population estimators. We show that the urban emission representation in the new NBM-based CO 2 map is likely closer to the truth than previous NTL-based CO 2 maps via an atmospheric modeling experiment. We also discuss the advantages and new challenges in the use of NBM for mapping CO 2 from cities .
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