Massive Machine Type Communication and the Internet of Things
Summary
This chapter will provide insights on how Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) wireless technologies caters to massive machine type communication and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It will first define what is referred to by machine to machine (M2M) versus IoT. Then it will outline the requirements and the challenges imposed by massive number of such devices connecting to cellular network. Then it will provide a detailed overview of the solution introduced for such devices using 3GPP wireless technologies (long term evolution [LTE] and evolution of Evolved Packet System [EPS] architecture, Narrow Band Internet of Things [NB-IoT] with cellular Internet of Things [CIoT] architecture, GSM/EDGE RAN [GERAN] for M2M) in the ecosystem. It will provide insights into how 5G Radio and 5G System architecture are expected to address M2M challenges.
References
- 3GPP TR 23.887: “Machine-Type and other Mobile Data Applications Communications Enhancements”.
- 3GPP TR 23.888: “System Improvements for Machine-Type Communications”.
- 3GPP TS 38.331: “NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification”.
- 3GPP TS 38.300: “NR; Overall description”.
- 3GPP TS 38.413: “NG-RAN; NG Application Protocol (NGAP)”.
- 3GPP TS 23.060: “General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description”.
- 3GPP TS 23.122: “Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode”.
- 3GPP TS 36.321: “Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification”.
- 3GPP TS 36.331: “Radio Resource Control (RRC); protocol specification”.
- 3GPP TR 23.724: “Study on Cellular IoT support and evolution for the 5G system”.
- 3GPP TS 23.246: “Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS); Architecture and functional description”.
- 3GPP TS 23.251: “Network Sharing; Architecture and functional description”.
- 3GPP TS 23.272: “Circuit Switched (CS) fallback in Evolved Packet System (EPS)”.
- 3GPP TS 23.401: “GPRS enhancements for E-UTRAN access”.
- 3GPP TS 24.301: “Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) protocol for Evolved Packet System (EPS)”.
- 3GPP TR 45.820: “Cellular System Support for Ultra Low Complexity and Low Throughput Internet of Things”.
- 3GPP TR 33.860: “ Study on Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS) access security enhancements with relation to cellular Internet of Things (IoT)”.
- 3GPP TS 43.064: “Overall description of the GPRS radio interface”.
- 3GPP TS 45.002: “GSM/EDGE Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path”.
- 3GPP TS 44.018: “Mobile radio interface layer specification; Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol”.
- 3GPP TS 55.226: “3G Security; Specification of the A5/4 Encryption Algorithms for GSM and ECSD, and the GEA4 Encryption Algorithm for GPRS”.
- 3GPP TS 55.241: “Specification of the GIA4 integrity algorithm for General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); GIA4 specification”.
- 3GPP TS 55.251: “Specification of the GEA5 and GIA5 encryption algorithms for General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); GEA5 and GIA5 algorithm specification”.
- 3GPP TR 45.050: “Background for Radio Frequency (RF) requirements”.
- 3GPP TS 43.059: “Functional stage 2 description of Location Services (LCS) in GERAN”.
- R6-180020: “On Further Energy Saving for EC-GSM-IoT", source: Nokia, Nokia Shanghai Bell, 3GPP RAN6#7, February 2018.
- 3GPP TS 23.682: “Architecture enhancements to facilitate communications with packet data networks and applications”.
- 3GPP TS 23.730: “Study on extended architecture support for Cellular Internet of Things (CIoT)”.
- 3GPP TR 36.888: “Study on provision of low-cost Machine-Type Communications (MTC) User Equipments (UEs)”.
- 3GPP TS 22.261: “Service requirements for the 5G system”.
- 3GPP TS 23.040: “Technical realization of Short Message Service (SMS)”.
- 3GPP TS 29.337: “Diameter-based T4 Interface for communications with packet data networks and applications”.
- 3GPP TS 23.501: “System Architecture for the 5G system; Stage 2”.
- 3GPP TS 23.502: “Procedures for the 5G system; Stage 2”.
- 3GPP TS 36.300: “Overall description; Stage 2”.
- 3GPP TS 36.211: “Physical Channels and Modulation”.
- 3GPP TS 36.212: “Multiplexing and channel coding”.
- 3GPP TS 36.213: “Physical layer procedures”.
- 3GPP TS 36.214: “Physical layer – Measurements”.
All 3GPP specifications can be found under http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/latest. The acronym ‘TS’ stands for Technical Specification, ‘TR’ for Technical Report.
