Chapter 31
Cryoablation for the Treatment of Solid Cancers and Pain Management
Book Editor(s):Devashish Shrivastava,
Devashish Shrivastava
US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, NY, 10903 USA
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Cryoablation using fine-gauge cryoprobes has gained increasing acceptance by urologists and interventional radiologists for treating a variety of solid cancers. This chapter begins with an overview of the history of cryoablation, a brief description of the technical details of cryoablation equipment, and the mechanisms of cell destruction by extreme cold. It then discusses the treatment techniques and outcomes associated with various kinds of solid cancers. The chapter describes the evolution of cryoablation, from its origins in the nineteenth century to its present status as a main-line treatment for many types of solid cancers. The mechanisms of tissue destruction by extreme cold can be considered to occur sequentially, with ice formation and thawing inflicting immediate damage to cells, while subsequent vascular stasis and apoptosis produce additional tissue destruction. The chapter concludes with a mention of the emerging application area of pain management as well as potential future applications of cryoablation.
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