The chapter examines the historical development and current role of vocational education and training (VET) in India. It argues that although accomplishing the goals and objectives of VET is saddled with several challenges due to India's geographically vast, socioculturally diverse, and huge population living with severe economic disparities, there have been continued and concerted efforts to enhance the character of VET in India. These efforts include improving curricula, creating a vibrant interface between VET and the needs of industry, and achieving a competitive advantage at the international level. Consideration is also being given to adopting principles of the German dual system approach. The chapter argues that the implementation of quality management systems can provide a competitive advantage in achieving the workforce standards required for micro- and macro-economic reforms.