Involuntary childlessness can be caused by a number of physical and situational factors. For those who choose to pursue medical treatments in the hope of becoming pregnant, it is an expensive and frequently disappointing journey. Couples and individuals living with involuntary childlessness have to face the stigma of not having children in today's society and to create new goals and plans for their future. Couples experiencing infertility are at greater risk of divorce, affairs, suicide, and a number of other negative consequences. Therapy can assist individuals and couples to grieve while discovering and forming their new childfree identity and to work toward a different but still fulfilling future.