Health-related inequity is a long-standing concern in anthropology, yet anthropologists have only recently, and tentatively, begun approaching the issue through a human rights lens. Medical anthropologists, in particular, have found in human rights a provocative way of responding to health inequities, violations, and injustices. As interdisciplinary conversations about health and human rights have begun to flourish in recent decades, anthropological engagement has begun to yield important new insights, questions, and areas of inquiry.