Cultural Evolution
Abstract
Cultural evolution refers to the concept that cultural behaviors may have been subject to Darwinian evolutionary processes, thus influencing their distribution temporally and geographically. There are, however, at least two levels at which the concept of culture can be seen to relate potentially to evolutionary theory. At a basic level, the ability to produce what most anthropologists conceive of as culture is inevitably a product of our biological (including cognitive) evolution. Thus, our capacity to express culture may have evolved through a series of stages during our long evolutionary history. At a second, more controversial level, culture may itself evolve and be governed in terms of its expressed diversity and change through time by many of the same forces as those seen in biological evolution. According to proponents of this latter view, culture is scientifically amenable to study using theoretical principles and methodological tools originally designed to study biological evolution.