The development of anorexia nervosa (AN) peaks between the ages of 13-14 years and 18-20 years, and often begins with dietary restriction. The neurodevelopmental model of AN is a biopsychosocial model, which incorporates evidence from neuroimaging, psychophysiology, genetics, and neuropsychology to explain predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors of the disease. In the model, genetic factors, predisposing factors, and compensatory responses to stress interact once a certain threshold is crossed and the circulatory cycle of anorexia begins. This chapter reviews various components of evidence-based treatments as well as treatment components that will inform future clinical practice. It describes the psychotherapy models that are based on the theoretical models of the development and maintenance of AN. Cognitive interpersonal treatment (CIT) is a novel treatment approach that addresses perfectionism, obsessive–compulsive personality traits, avoidance, pro-anorectic beliefs and responses of close others.