Chapter 12
Allotransplantation
Maria Siemionow,
Fatih Zor,
Maria Siemionow
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFatih Zor
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Siemionow,
Fatih Zor,
Maria Siemionow
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFatih Zor
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Ross D. Farhadieh BSc(Med)Hons, MBBS, MD, EBOPRASF, FRACS(Plast), FRCS(Plast),
Neil W. Bulstrode BSc(Med)Hons, MBBS, MD, FRCS(Plast),
Sabrina Cugno MD, MSc, FRCSC,
Ross D. Farhadieh BSc(Med)Hons, MBBS, MD, EBOPRASF, FRACS(Plast), FRCS(Plast)
Panthea Plastic Surgery Clinics, Sydney and Canberra, Australia and Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorNeil W. Bulstrode BSc(Med)Hons, MBBS, MD, FRCS(Plast)
Clinical Lead Plastic Surgery
Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
Search for more papers by this authorSabrina Cugno MD, MSc, FRCSC
Assistant Professor
McGill University, Department of Plastic Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 27 March 2015
Summary
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is the transplantation of vascularized composite tissue blocks that are derived from different embryogenic origins and across a genetic mismatch, such as hand and face transplantation. The history of VCA is an old desire of humans; however, successful clinical and experimental allotransplantations were only possible after the discovery of immunosuppression. In recent decades, various clinical and experimental VCAs have been performed, including limb, trachea, flexor tendon apparatus, penis, nerve, knee, hand, face and abdominal wall. This chapter includes basic information about the history, nomenclature and immunologic principles. Today, experimental VCA models of small and large animals constitute the workhorse of VCA research as they allow technical feasibility to be determined and the effects of various immunosuppression and immune tolerance strategies to be evaluated. In this chapter, experimental allotransplantation models and cadaver studies are summarized according to the type and content of the transplanted allograft. Finally, clinical applications of allotransplantations and functional outcomes following transplantations are discussed.
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