This chapter discusses Samuel Beckett in relation to World Literature and pays special attention to four major aspects. First, Beckett's work was nurtured in the cosmopolitan tendency of modernism, particularly in the progressive milieu of Paris. The second aspect explored is how his most famous work, Waiting for Godot, is denationalized and open to interpretations in different cultural contexts. This leads to the third point, which is that Beckett's plays resonate even with the Japanese Noh plays which could not have influenced him directly. Finally, the chapter closes with a discussion of how Beckett's novels also impacted many novelists in the world.