Identification and Characterization of Microbial Communities in Bioreactors

Engineered ecosystems are characterized by two components: a biotic component (communities) and a process component (matter and energy flows). Unravelling the biotic/abiotic interactions is a challenging issue that can provide control, diagnostic and prevision tools for process monitoring. Little is known about the microbial communities involved in bioprocesses: how are they influenced by the environmental conditions, and how do they drive the ecosystem function? Nevertheless, the biotic component has been more and more investigated during the last decades, thanks to the rapid development of molecular tools. The first part of this chapter will then focus on current techniques for the characterization of microbial communities in engineered ecosystems. As an example, the second part will highlight some relevant results concerning the biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship.

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