Bioelectricity and Biomagnetism
Shoogo Ueno,
Masaki Sekino,
Mari Ogiue-Ikeda,
Shoogo Ueno
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasaki Sekino
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMari Ogiue-Ikeda
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorShoogo Ueno,
Masaki Sekino,
Mari Ogiue-Ikeda,
Shoogo Ueno
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMasaki Sekino
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorMari Ogiue-Ikeda
University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 14 April 2006
Abstract
This article reviews recent advances in biomagnetics and bioimaging techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). TMS is a method to stimulate neurons by eddy currents induced by a strong electric current, which is applied to a coil over the head. TMS is used for noninvasive mapping of the brain function, and has therapeutic effects on neurological and psychological diseases. EEG and EMG are techniques to record electric potentials at electrodes attached to the surface of the head and body, respectively. MEG is a method for measuring magnetic fields as weak as 5 fT by superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) arrayed on the scalp. MRI is a method to obtain spatial distribution of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals using gradient magnetic fields and Fourier transform. This article also reviews application of magnetic fields for cancer therapy and tissue engineering, and magnetoreception in animals.
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