Synthesis and Optical Properties of Mullite Nanowires

Single-crystalline mullite nanowires have been synthesized on silicon substrates by forcing aluminum and chromium chloride powders to react under an ammonia gas flow. The diameter and length of the nanowires have uniform diameters of growth direction. The photoluminescence spectra showed that the mullite nanowires reached an emission peak at the center wavelength of 442 nm originating from the Al-O bonds in preference to the Al-O and Si-O bonds in the mullite bonding structure. Comparison of the photoluminescence between as-synthesized, oxygen-annealed, and plasma-etched nanowires indicates that the nanowires have few defects. .

References

J. Ning, J. Zhang, Y. Pan, and J. Guo, “Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of SiO₂ Matrix Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanotube,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A357, 392–6 (2003).
10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00256-9
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
H. J. Choi, H. K. Seong, J. Chang, K. I. Lee, Y. J. Park, J. J. Kim, S. K. Lee, R. He, T. Kuykendall, and P. Yang, “Single-Crystalline Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor GaN:Mn Nanowires,” Adv. Mater., 17, 1351–6 (2005).
10.1002/adma.200401706
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
H. K. Seong, Y. Lee, J. Y. Kim, Y. K. Byeun, K. S. Han, J. G. Park, and H. J. Choi, “Single Crystalline AlGaN:Mn Nanotubes and Their Magnetism,” Adv. Mater., 18, 3019–23 (2006).
10.1002/adma.200600933
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
A. Peigney, Ch. Laurent, E. Flahaut, and A. Rousset, “Carbon Nanotubes in Novel Ceramic Matrix Nanocomposites,” Ceram. Int., 26, 677–83 (2000).
10.1016/S0272-8842(00)00004-3
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
M. B. Nardelli, B. I. Yakobson, and J. Bernholc, “Brittle and Ductile Behavior in Carbon Nanotubes,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 4656–9 (1998).
10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4656
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
B. I. Yakobson and P. Avouris, “Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes,” Appl. Phys., 80, 287–327 (2001).
10.1007/3-540-39947-X_12
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
T. I. Mah and K. S. Mazdiyasni, “Mechanical Properties of Mullite,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 66, 699–703 (1983).
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1983.tb10532.x
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
S. Kanzaki, H. Tabata, T. Kumazawa, and S. Ohta, “Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Stoichiometric Mullite,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68 [1] C-6–C-7 (1985).
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1985.tb15252.x
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
K. Okada and N. Otuska, “Synthesis of Mullite Whiskers and Their Application in Composites,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 74 [10] 2412–8 (1991).
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb06778.x
Web of Science® Google Scholar
H. J. Choi and J. G. Lee, “Synthesis of Mullite Whiskers,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 [2] 481–3 (2002).
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00116.x
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
H. J. Choi, H. K. Seong, J. C. Lee, and Y. M. Sung, “Growth and Modulation of Silicon Carbide Nanowires,” J. Crystal Growth, 269, 472–8 (2004).
10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.05.094
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
X. S. Peng, L. D. Zhang, G. W. Meng, X. F. Wang, Y. W. Wang, C. Z. Wang, and G. S. Wu, “Photoluminescence and Infrared Properties of α-Al₂O₃ Nanowires and Nanobelts,” J. Phys. Chem. B., 106, 11163–7 (2002).
10.1021/jp026028+
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
H. R. Philipp, “Optical Properties of Non-Crystalline Si, SiO, SiO_x and SiO₂,” J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 32, 1935–45 (1971).
10.1016/S0022-3697(71)80159-2
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar

Progress in Nanotechnology: Processing