In vivo diffusion measurements as an indication of fetal lung maturation using echo planar imaging at 0.5T
R.J. Moore
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorB. Strachan
School of Human Development, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorD.J. Tyler
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorP.N. Baker
School of Human Development, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
P.A. Gowland
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK===Search for more papers by this authorR.J. Moore
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorB. Strachan
School of Human Development, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorD.J. Tyler
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorP.N. Baker
School of Human Development, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
P.A. Gowland
Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK===Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The aim of this study was twofold: First, to establish the normal range of fetal lung diffusion values measured during healthy pregnancy; and second, to determine whether fetal lung diffusion could be used as an indication of fetal lung maturity. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), averaged over all 26 subjects with an average gestational age of 29 ± 6 weeks (mean ± sd), was found to be 2.0 ± 0.6 × 10−9 m2/sec (mean ± sd), but a trend was found indicating that ADC increased with gestational age at the rate of 0.07 × 10−9 m2/sec per week (P = 4 × 10−5). To determine the usefulness of this data in predicting lung maturity, a simple three-compartment model was proposed which was comprised of intra-lung amniotic fluid, intra-tissue water, and vascular blood. The relative proportions of each compartment were taken from the literature, and exchange between the compartments was assumed to be minimal. This model predicted the in vivo data reasonably well, and indicated that MR measurements of fetal lung diffusion are a marker for the degree of vascularization of the terminal tubules. Magn Reson Med 45:247–253, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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