Water, 5. Treatment by Membrane Separation Processes

Robert Rautenbach

Robert Rautenbach

Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany

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First published: 15 October 2011

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction

2.

Principles

2.1.

Flow, Selectivity, Driving Forces

2.2.

Mass Transport Resistance in Front of the Membrane

3.

Membranes

3.1.

Organic Membranes

3.2.

Inorganic Membranes

4.

Modules

4.1.

Modules with Tubular Membranes

4.2.

Modules with a Flat-Sheet Membrane

5.

Fouling and Scaling

5.1.

Membrane Blockage due to Crystallization (Scaling)

5.2.

Membrane Blockage due to Contaminants (Fouling)

6.

Module Arrangements (Plant Design)

7.

Use of Membrane Processes in Water and Wastewater Technology

7.1.

Desalination of Seawater and Brackish Water

7.2.

Recovery of ɛ-Caprolactam

7.3.

Leachates from Dump Sites

7.4.

Wastewater from the Dye Industry

8.

Acknowledgement

The full text of this article hosted at iucr.org is unavailable due to technical difficulties.